The only constellation of the Zodiac to be named after an object is the constellation of Libra. The southern sky has a strong influence on mythology, astrology, and hard science.

The constellation was associated with harmony, balance, and even justice for our ancestors. It is one of the most attractive targets for astronomy in the modern era.

Liquid water is a key ingredient for life and the constellation's exoplanets could be a good place to look for it.

What is the morning star and what is the evening star?

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Where is Libra?

During the winter and summer, the constellation of Libra can be found in the Southern Hemisphere. It is best seen in the Northern Hemisphere in the late spring and early summer months.

It can be seen in the southern sky for about 30 minutes right ascension and 15 minutes south declination.

The constellation is on the east and west. The constellation of Serpens Caput is part of the constellation of Centaurus.

The sun was in the autumnal equinox in the middle of the precession of the equinoxes. In 2439 the autumnal equinox will move to the constellation Leo.

Libra stars: Observing targets

There is a blue dwarf star located 160 light-years from Earth that is the most faint of the stars. According to the amateur astronomer Willian Tyler Olcott, the only naked-eye star that is green in color is Zubeneschamali.

The upper part of the scale links the two balances, which hang from the triangle at an angle along with two of the constellation's other bright stars.

These are the second brightest star, which despite its alpha designation, is also called the southern claw. There is a red giant star in the constellation of Libra.

The bright star cluster NGC 5897 is located 40,000 light-years from Earth.

HD 140283 is one of the most extraordinary stars we have yet to discover. It is located around 190 light-years from Earth. When it was first discovered, it appeared to be 16 billion years old, older than the age of the universe itself.

The star's age has been reduced by further study, but it is still a mystery as it is not known how old it is. It is one of the oldest stars in the universe, even though it is more consistent with the age of the universe.

Interesting exoplanets in Libra

Exoplanet Gliese 581e in the foreground of this artist's illustration is part of the Gliese 581 planetary system.

Exoplanet Gliese 581e in the foreground of this artist's illustration is part of the Gliese 581 planetary system.  (Image credit: ESO/L. Calçada)

Some fascinating stars and extrasolar planets can be found in Libra. The red dwarf Gliese 581 is one of the planets that are located near Earth.

These include Gliese 581e with a mass around twice that of Earth, Gliese 581c with 5 times the mass of our planet, and Gliese 581d with a mass 7 times that of Earth.

The latter planet is the furthest away from its star over a period of 68.6 days. The year of Gliese 581e is just 3.15 days. The region where it is neither too hot nor too cold for liquid water to exist could be a good place to live.

There is a possibility that the system has another world which could be a primary candidate for hosting liquid water. That is possible if it exists. The existence of the planet is controversial. There is a possibility that Gliese 581f exists at the very edge of the system, far from its host star, and as a result too cold to support life.

There are 15 places on Earth that look exoplanetary.

The Jupiter-like exoplanet 23 Librae b is at least twice the mass of the gas giant and could be 34 times as massive as the solar system.

A dwarf star located around 84 light-years from Earth has a similar mass to the sun. The exoplanet was discovered in 1999 and has a better period of 258 days.

Astronomers found another smaller Jupiter-like world in the system in 2009. The planet takes 14 years to circle its star.

Libra in mythology

The constellation of Libra is the only constellation of the Zodiac to be named after an inanimate object — scales.

The constellation of Libra is the only constellation of the Zodiac to be named after an inanimate object — scales. (Image credit: zennie via Getty Images)

The ancient Babylonians believed that the stars of Libra were part of Scorpius, with the shape of the scales once representing the scorpion's claws as they point downwards.

This association is still represented by the names of some of the objects in the constellation, for example, the star Zubeneschamali which was once part of Scorpius.

The link between these stars and scales was reintroduced by the Romans in the first century. In Roman tradition, it was a favored constellation.

The Romans viewed the constellation as the scales of justice being held by the constellation Virgo — which sits next to Libra and represented a goddess to ancient civilizations. This association with justice has been carried over to two of its most visible stars, Zubenelgenubi and Zubeneschamali, which have been said to symbolize divine justice.

The scales of Libra were also associated with balance in the seasons and days and nights of equal length by our ancient ancestors.

The birth sign of people born between September 23 and October 22 is the seventh sign of the Zodiac, and it's not a scientific sign.

Additional resources

Do you want to take a look at it for yourself? There is a video that shows you how to do it. This Hubble Space Telescope image of a spiral galaxy is located in the constellation of Libra. This informative article from NASA Science explains how the constellations were named.

Bibliography

The guide to the Libra constellation.

The name of the book is Britannica.

There is a person named McClure. Is Zubeneschamali a green star? EarthSky

They were crooks. Space.com is the oldest star in the universe.

The NASA Exoplanet Exploration program is called Gliese 581.

The Open Exoplanet Catalogue is by Gliese 581.

SolStation, 23 Librae.