Idaho StatesmanIdaho Statesman

Many Idaho geographical features have used a derogatory term for Native American women. There is a mountain called Squaw Butte. The creek is called Little Squaw Creek. The flat was called Squaw Flat. There is a meadow. The canyon is named Joe Canyon.

There are 660 features on federal lands in the U.S. that use the word. They are spread among 21 of Idaho's 44 counties.

Soon they will disappear. The buttes and creeks and canyons will be renamed after the public comments are taken.

Racist terms have no place on our federal lands. Our nation's lands and waters should be places to celebrate the outdoors and our shared cultural heritage, not perpetuate the legacies of oppression, according to a news release issued in November.

Comments are being sought on replacement names and other suggestions. The deadline is Monday, April 25.

It can take years to change a geographical feature. The first Native American to serve as a Cabinet secretary, Haaland, has expedited the process. She will complete the task in a few months.

Since the 1930s, Big Butte, center, and Little Butte, far left, have been known as Squaw Butte. The U.S. Department of the Interior plans to replace the name, considered a racial slur by Native Americans, with a nonoffensive name. This view is looking north from Freezeout Hill south of Emmett.
Since the 1930s, Big Butte, center, and Little Butte, far left, have been known as Squaw Butte. The U.S. Department of the Interior plans to replace the name, considered a racial slur by Native Americans, with a nonoffensive name. This view is looking north from Freezeout Hill south of Emmett.

A list of suggested replacement names was issued by the U.S. Geological Survey in February. They were simply taken from other nearby features.

The best known of the Treasure Valley landmarks is Squaw Butte, which is 5,900 feet north of Emmett. It is visible from a number of places, including Idaho 16 and Freezeout Hill.

The five suggested replacements are from nearby streams.

The candidate replacement name will replace the derogatory one, according to Giovanni Rocco, Haaland's deputy press secretary.

The final name doesn't have to be from the candidate list. The decision will be made after listening to people. Replacement names will be chosen by the Board on Geographic Names.

The decision has precedent. The N-word was used in 190 places on federal land before the Interior renamed them. The term "Japanese people" was removed from places in 1974.

The term "squaw" should be erased from the national landscape and forever replaced, according to Haaland.

More than 660 geographical places using the name squaw on federal lands across the United States are set to be renamed in coming months following action by the U.S. Department of the Interior. Seventy-two of the buttes, creeks, meadows and other places are in Idaho.
More than 660 geographical places using the name squaw on federal lands across the United States are set to be renamed in coming months following action by the U.S. Department of the Interior. Seventy-two of the buttes, creeks, meadows and other places are in Idaho.

Native Land Digital, a Canadian nonprofit that documents and maps Indigenous lands, says that the Shoshone-Bannock Tribe's lands include Emmett and Squaw Butte.

The Shoshone-Bannock Tribes' public affairs manager wrote in an email to the Idaho Statesman that the words squaw need to be removed from Idaho place names.

The change is controversial. The audience at the joint meeting of the Emmett City Council and the Gem County Board of Commissioners was almost unanimous in their opposition to a name change.

There is no need for a discussion about changing the name of the Butte because nobody in the community wants to do that, one resident said.

The hilltops north of Emmett were originally called Big Butte and Little Butte. The story has been told for decades that Big Butte was renamed in the 1930s after Mrs. B.R. Wright's poem "The Legend of Squaw Butte".

According to online archives, there were references to Squaw Butte in the Idaho Statesman as far back as 1909. In October 1924, an article said that A.J. Sullivan trapped 86 coyotes and four cats near the butte. He was paid a bounty for every hide. The Gem County grange was named for the butte.

Emmett’s butte is the best-known feature that uses offensive word

The story of a massacre of Indian women and their children was related in the poem. Locals say they can see the image of a mother in a poem.

The word was found in 22 additional Idaho places. The names have been changed.

In 2007, the U.S. Board on Geographic Names voted to remove the word from eight place names in North Idaho, three on the Coeur d' Alene Reservation and five outside the reservation.

Two of the three changes on the reservation were changed to Nehchen Creek and Squeatah Creek.

Haaland said that words matter in our work to make our nation's public lands and waters accessible and welcoming to all.

To comment, go to http://www.regulations.gov and enter "DOI-2022-0001" in the search bar.

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