Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
Less than a month after his release from the John C. Burke Correctional Center, Marlin Dixon pauses at the Milwaukee lakefront to look out over Lake Michigan. He had served 18 years for the killing of Charlie Young Jr. in 2002, which happened when he was 14 years old. “This is what freedom feels like,” he said.
Less than a month after his release from the John C. Burke Correctional Center, Marlin Dixon pauses at the Milwaukee lakefront to look out over Lake Michigan. He had served 18 years for the killing of Charlie Young Jr. in 2002, which happened when he was 14 years old. “This is what freedom feels like,” he said.

At 11:30 a.m., on a sunny, 47-degree day, the barbed wire gate at the John C. Burke Correctional Center in Waupun was closed and the man walked out into the arms of his mother.

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"I told you to stay strong and you would one day be free," said Williams, crying.

The date was Sept. 22, 2020.

Shouts, applause and laughter filled the air over his yellow and black Nike tracksuit. A dozen people took turns giving him hugs and then 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020

Kamariya watched hesitantly. When she was 7 years old, her mother allowed her to visit her father in prison, she had never known he was a free man. She was 18 and he was 32.

He wrapped her in a long hug, the kind that prison rules never permitted, after he stretched his arms out and said, "Come here, I missed you."

Marlin Dixon, left, embraces his daughter, Kamariya, at his release from the John C. Burke Correctional Center in Waupun. She was a baby when her father was sentenced.
Marlin Dixon, left, embraces his daughter, Kamariya, at his release from the John C. Burke Correctional Center in Waupun. She was a baby when her father was sentenced.

Kamariya said, "I missed you too, Daddy."

"You're nearly as tall as me, smiling broadly."

The group made its way to a group of vehicles, with one of them being a rolling cart. He turned back to acknowledge calls from inmates on the other side, and then the group headed back to Milwaukee.

He was surrounded by people at his brother Alex's house. Even his brother was a virtual stranger; Alex had been imprisoned, too, and the two didn't know each other as adults.

The last time he saw his brother, he told him that he was wearing Power Rangers drawers.

When his brother went to prison, his brother was 11. He said that having his older brother home was like getting his father back.

Kamariya sat on the couch as she scrolled through her phone. She smiled occasionally.

Her mother was 15 when she was born.

Kamariya said she was happy that he was out so they could start building their relationship.

Doris Williams, 65, right, is overcome with emotion when her son Marlin Dixon, left, is released from the John C. Burke Correctional Center. About a dozen people were in Waupun for Dixon's release after 18 years of incarceration.
Doris Williams, 65, right, is overcome with emotion when her son Marlin Dixon, left, is released from the John C. Burke Correctional Center. About a dozen people were in Waupun for Dixon's release after 18 years of incarceration.

A killing unlike any other

Milwaukee and the nation were shocked by the viciousness of the beating of Charlie Young Jr.

A group of friends from a north side Milwaukee neighborhood were hanging out on a street corner teasing each other. A young man joined in. Young and some of the youths were at odds.

Young was a neighborhood handyman. The kind of guy who would approach kids playing with a football, catch a pass, and then throw the ball in the wrong direction was a bully to youths.

Charlie Young Jr. in an undated family photo.
Charlie Young Jr. in an undated family photo.

A 13-year-old boy threw an egg at Young, hitting him in the shoulder. The boy was pushed down. Young pulled a blade on Dixon after he jumped in to help his friend.

Young went back onto the streets. He had been drinking. He hit the teen with a punch to the mouth and knocked out one of his teeth.

They were angry and included his brother, Don, who was 13 at the time. Young was chased to a home on West Brown Street. Young was found by the boys in a back hallway after a man there said he was inside. They dragged him onto the porch and attacked him.

At one point, Young escaped from the house, but was hauled out and beaten again. His skull was cracked open, his ear was ripped off, and his blood was splattered on the 9-foot high ceiling.

The mob dispersed when Young lost consciousness. He went back to beating his victim.

When police arrived, they thought he had been shot up, but they were wrong. It was the worst beating death in Milwaukee history.

Doctors at the hospital found no brain activity. Young died after his family took him off life support.

16 people were rounded up by Milwaukee police. Seven teenagers and one adult were charged with first-degree reckless homicide.

The beating of Charlie Young Jr. took place on Milwaukee's north side, near Fond du Lac Avenue.
The beating of Charlie Young Jr. took place on Milwaukee's north side, near Fond du Lac Avenue.

Most of the others in the mob received plea deals, ranging from 18 months to 10 years in prison. Two children were found incompetent to stand trial. A 15 year old was acquitted. Don was at the Ethan Allen School in Wales for two years.

His fate was different.

He was found guilty after a bench trial in adult court. Franke noted that Young punched Dixon in the mouth, but he said the response of the man was more important than the provocation.

Franke said that the mob mentality may have remained, but the mob was gone and he beat Mr. Young severely again on his own.

Marlin Dixon is led into Milwaukee County Children's Court by a sheriff's deputy on Oct. 3, 2002, where he was charged as an adult in the murder of Charlie Young Jr.
Marlin Dixon is led into Milwaukee County Children's Court by a sheriff's deputy on Oct. 3, 2002, where he was charged as an adult in the murder of Charlie Young Jr.

On June 27, 2003 he entered the court for sentencing. He was 15 years old at the time and tall with a coatrack. His feet were chained up. Franke gave him the most severe sentence: 18 years imprisonment and 22 years of extended supervision for Young's death.

The man remained unaffected. He said he missed the meaning of a divided sentence. He kept thinking that it was 40 years.

He said that he couldn't think of anything else.

A life infused with violence

Before Charlie Young Jr. beat him, before he fathered a child at 14, and before he went to prison, the journey had already been bad.

His father and mother met when he was young. The two were raised near North 10th and East Locust streets. Anthony dropped out of 10th grade after graduating from North Division High School. A daughter was born to another man at the age of 22.

The couple had two children, the first being Marlin and the second being Don. Four more children followed.

Marlin Dixon at 8 years old.
Marlin Dixon at 8 years old.

They never married. Anthony was trying to manage his heroin addiction while working as a meat cutter. She was a nurse's aide and struggled to provide for the children.

The teachers passed him to the next grade even though he couldn't read. They didn't want to bother him.

His father abused his mother, as well as her daughter and son.

My father was a very unbalanced man. He was strung out on drugs and used heroin and crack cocaine.

He said his father treated his younger siblings like a father should.

He denied me as his son because I looked like him. I didn't understand why he held so much resentment towards me.

There was a backdrop of poverty. The kitchen didn't have food. The home was in need of repairs. The neighborhood had a lot of violence. There were gunshots and police sirens.

The last time his parents were together, there was an argument.

After my mom put him out of the house, all of a sudden our windows got smashed out, she thought my Pops did it, but he said he didn't, and it turned into a bigger fight.

His father ran into Edward Barnes on March 23, 2001. He believed Barnes knocked out the windows. The two men had an argument. Barnes plunged a knife into his accuser twice.

Tezra got a call from her brother when he was at a friend's house.

I didn't know how serious the injury was. I felt sad at the same time because I felt like he couldn't hurt us anymore.

The doctors called the family to say goodbye.

He didn't look like my dad because he had lost so much blood.

His mother and siblings were emotional. The man felt numb.

They were all crying, but I wasn't. He woke me up when he came in the house, yelling at me because I ate ice cream. We had nothing else in the house to eat.

His father passed away that night. He was 46 years old.

The mourners lined up to hear about how hard he worked and how much he loved his family. They were talking about his father.

A woman had never approached him before.

She said that I looked like my father. He said that she told him that he was her father as well. I felt bad because she had a better relationship with him than I did.

He had new responsibilities according to relatives.

He said that he was 13 when people told him he was the man of the house. I didn't know how to get money into the house. I didn't get a job. I think that pressure pushed me to start using drugs. I didn't know why I was angry.

Barnes was sentenced to seven months in the House of Correction for second-degree reckless homicide.

He was already out of prison.

Using a 'vigorous prosecution' model

Tough-on-crime court strategies were the norm.

Milwaukee hit an all-time peak for homicides in 1991, with 163. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, homicides committed by youths peaked in 1994. Milwaukee County District Attorney John Chisholm said judges started handing down harsher sentences in an attempt to regain control of neighborhoods and communities.

The model of vigorous prosecution was popular. The number of adults and youths held in adult jails more than doubled nationwide from 1993 to 1999.

The truth-in-sentencing law was enacted in Wisconsin by the timeDixon was sentenced. He would spend 18 years in prison with credit for time already served.

The Young homicide occurred when Fredrick Gordon was the district's alderman.

He said that the national media jumped all over the story.

Bill O'Reilly, the conservative political commentator with a show on Fox News called The O'Reilly Factor, called Gordon to set up an interview.

Gordon said he hung up on him because he didn't want to talk about all of the kids.

CNN conducted a survey asking if the youths charged with the Milwaukee man's death should be tried as adults. Ninety-one percent of responders said yes.

Not everyone was excited.

John O. Norquist was the mayor of Milwaukee at that time.

In the 1990s and early 2000s, there was no talk about childhood trauma, and little awareness of the tools that could be used to predict physical and mental problems in adulthood.

Twenty years ago, we were not talking about trauma the way we talk about it today. Judges don't want to hear about mental illness because it's like giving a person an excuse to have bad behavior, according to a member of the Milwaukee County Mental Health Board.

Robin Shellow, an attorney who represented several of the defendants, said that most of the people involved in the Young beating grew up in poverty. Post-traumatic stress disorder is a condition that many of them suffered.

Shellow suggested that inner-city youths are numbed by the violence in their neighborhoods and homes.

Shellow said in an interview that she was laughed at when she tried to bring up trauma. The science has caught up.

The criminal justice system has undergone a lot of change over the past 20 years.

The impact trauma has on people living in disadvantaged minority communities is now known.

Marlin Dixon was 14 and living in a home in the 1900 block of North 20th Street when he and other teens beat an adult, Charlie Young Jr., less than one mile away. Twelve people were charged. Dixon spent 18 years in prison, the longest sentence handed down in the beating, which occurred in 2002.
Marlin Dixon was 14 and living in a home in the 1900 block of North 20th Street when he and other teens beat an adult, Charlie Young Jr., less than one mile away. Twelve people were charged. Dixon spent 18 years in prison, the longest sentence handed down in the beating, which occurred in 2002.

It is not possible to know how Young's murder would have been handled today.

I think it would have been 10 or 12 years. He would have been punished for going back on the porch, but it wouldn't have been 18 years.

People who commit violent crimes don't need to be locked away for decades for public safety.

According to a recent report from the Prison Policy Initiative, people convicted of violent and sexual offenses are the least likely to be rearrested.

The main reason for the lower recidivism among people convicted of violent offenses is their age.

The risk for violence peaks in adolescence and early adulthood, and declines with age, according to the Prison Policy Initiative report.

Asking for help, staying out of trouble

He was a boy in a man's prison.

He was convinced that he could get his case reviewed for $500. The scam that veteran inmates pull on newcomers was one of the reasons why Dixon persuaded his mother to send 888-276-5932 888-276-5932 888-276-5932 888-276-5932 888-276-5932s.

He wanted to send a letter to his daughter's mother but couldn't remember the street she lived on.

He admitted that he didn't know how to spell Fond du Lac.

When a prison instructor chastised him and the others for joking around in the back of his class, he said things changed for him.

He told us that we could joke and laugh, but the joke was on us because he knew how to read.

He apologized and asked for help.

He gave me books for intermediate, first, second, and third grade, and he did the same with math.

Conflict resolution skills were offered in anger management classes. He talked to troubled youths to steer them in a positive direction after joining a program that talks to troubled youths.

He spent most of his time playing sports and reading books.

He never had a fight with prison staff.

A lot of people walk around looking for trouble.

Some people from his neighborhood came through at least twice.

By the time he was released, he had completed his GED, obtained his driver's license, and earned a certificate in baking.

I can cook, bake and give you a haircut, and I'm laughing.

Support from a surprising source

In prison, the most surprising relationship was with Vicki Conte, who had been in court for the Young proceedings. She was the victim's advocate for Fannie Young.

In October 2002 he saw him in a courtroom. A teenager is holding a baby in the front row. The teen was the girlfriend of the baby.

Fannie Young, mother of Charlie Young Jr. Fannie Young died in May 2005 of colon cancer.
Fannie Young, mother of Charlie Young Jr. Fannie Young died in May 2005 of colon cancer.

She said that he looked like a scared little boy and had a child.

The cases connected to her son's death were all-consuming, but Fannie Young kept her emotions in check.

Fannie never kidded herself about the court system. Her son had problems with the law as well. She said that the stress of the case took its toll on her.

In May 2005, Fannie died of colon cancer. She was 63 years old.

She was a faith-filled woman who had faith in God that good would come from all of this.

The way his public defender portrayed him in court made her sympathize with him.

He wasn't offered a plea deal like the other boys, and his lawyer argued that he was too stupid to commit the crime. It was difficult for me to hear and for him to hear as well.

Charlie Young's family won't discuss his beating.

The mob beating had nothing to do with the kids of low intelligence. She thought it was a mob attack that got out of hand, with the kids feeding off each other's emotions.

Her son was involved in a telling incident a year earlier.

A disabled kid and other boys were involved in a fight at middle school. I kept asking my son why he was involved, and he kept saying he didn't know, until he said he did it because everyone else was doing it.

There was no one who died, but there was a stark difference between the two.

My son is a suburban white kid and we were able to pay for a good lawyer. She said that wasn't the case with Marlin.

Although she was there for Young's mother, she was shocked by the sentence.

The only reason the other defendants went after Mr. Young was because he knocked a tooth out, according to Conte.

She left the office of the district attorney after the trial because she felt that she had too much of a heart for the defendants.

She kept wondering how he was doing. She did some research and wrote a letter to him.

Vicki Conte first saw Marlin Dixon when he was led into court for the killing of Charlie Young Jr. She was there as a victim's advocate to support Young's mother, Fannie. Years later, she contacted Dixon in prison and the two developed a friendship. She visited him while he was still in prison, and then came to Milwaukee to see him after his release.
Vicki Conte first saw Marlin Dixon when he was led into court for the killing of Charlie Young Jr. She was there as a victim's advocate to support Young's mother, Fannie. Years later, she contacted Dixon in prison and the two developed a friendship. She visited him while he was still in prison, and then came to Milwaukee to see him after his release.

Thank you, Dear Marlin.

My name is Vicki. I'm a 62-year-old grandmother living in Denver, CO. I used to work for the Milwaukee County District Attorney. I had to drive Charlie Young's mother to court and sit with her as he and the other boys had many appearances. It was very sad. I am aware that you all killed Charlie. I know you were boys. You have paid a price for that.

In the last 14 or 15 years, I have thought about you a lot. I wonder how a boy of 14 can grow up in prison. I am worried about you. I am worried about your health. I wonder about your little girl. She was a baby at the trial.

She said that she could send him books or a few things if he wanted them.

I didn't know if he would respond or not.

She received a two-page handwritten letter.

Dear Vicki.

You are far too kind, that was one of the most heart warming letters I have ever received during my incarceration, and I thank you for the benign gesture of taking time out of your day to write me, and I appreciate your thoughts and concerns you had for me over the 14. That was very sweet of you to do that.

He told her that growing up in prison has not been easy for him.

I was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217

I am currently in minimum custody with 3 years to go in prison and will be going to work on the farm soon. When I get released, everything will be new to me.

Regular correspondence was launched by the letters. While she was in Wisconsin, she made three side trips to see her cousin. She visited him for the first time as a free man after he was released.

I value her opinion a lot. She helped me through a lot of tough times, but she still treats me like a 14-year-old boy she saw in court.

I didn't think I'd know about him. I worry that other youths will follow his path without change.

After reaching that milestone, he realized that more was possible.

The change was gradual. He had made a choice. He wanted to be different for his family. He wanted to be different for himself.

All of the things that I have achieved since I was released, I dreamed about. I wanted to be my own person. I wanted a good job. I did not want to be around violence and all of the things associated with it.

The gap between his left and right teeth is the most obvious reminder of his past.

He said that one of his friends told him to get a gold crown mark because it was a time when his life was destroyed.

I have been through the fire. People need to see my value.

James E. Causey and Angela Peterson
James E. Causey and Angela Peterson
This report is part of a series of stories focused on Milwaukee’s youth, their needs and opportunities for their success. The work is supported by a foundation grant from Wellpoint Care Network, a Milwaukee nonprofit formerly known as SaintA's. Wellpoint's mission is to facilitate equity, learning, healing and wellness by restoring the connections that help children, youth and families thrive. Reporter James E. Causey began work on this story as an O'Brien Fellow in Public Service Journalism at Marquette University during the 2019-20 academic year. All work on the project was done under the guidance of Milwaukee Journal Sentinel editors. Neither Wellpoint nor Marquette were involved in decisions about the content or presentation of the work. To support the Journal Sentinel's in-depth local reporting, please subscribe at jsonline.com/deal.
This report is part of a series of stories focused on Milwaukee’s youth, their needs and opportunities for their success. The work is supported by a foundation grant from Wellpoint Care Network, a Milwaukee nonprofit formerly known as SaintA's. Wellpoint's mission is to facilitate equity, learning, healing and wellness by restoring the connections that help children, youth and families thrive. Reporter James E. Causey began work on this story as an O'Brien Fellow in Public Service Journalism at Marquette University during the 2019-20 academic year. All work on the project was done under the guidance of Milwaukee Journal Sentinel editors. Neither Wellpoint nor Marquette were involved in decisions about the content or presentation of the work. To support the Journal Sentinel's in-depth local reporting, please subscribe at jsonline.com/deal.

The article was originally published on the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.

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