Credit for the initial concept that developed into the World Wide Web is usually given to Leonard Kleinrock. In 1961, he wrote about ARPANET, the predecessor of the internet.
According to the journal Management and Business Review, Kleinrock was one of the pioneers of the Information Processing Technology Office.
According to the journal American Scientist, the internet was started in 1969 by the U.S. Defense Department's Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. Many of the protocols used for internet communication were developed by ARPA-funded researchers. The internet's evolution is offered in this timeline.
Two computers at MIT Lincoln Lab communicate with each other using packet-switching technology.
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The final version of the IMP specifications was unveiled by Beranek and Newman, Inc. The ARPANET contract was won byBBN.
UCLA's Network Measurement Center, the University of Utah, the University of California-Santa Barbara and the University of California- Santa Barbara installed nodes. The first message was an attempt by a student to send a message to the computer from the university. The message couldn't be completed because the system crashed.
Ray Tomlinson introduced network email. There is a need for establishing standard protocols.
The University College of London and the Royal Radar Establishment connect to ARPANET in 1973. The term internet was born.
The introduction of a commercial version of ARPANET, known as Telenet, is the birth of the first Internet Service Provider.
The duo said to be the fathers of the internet, Vinton Cerf and Bob Kahn, published "A Protocol for Packet Network Interconnection", which details the design of the internet.
Queen Elizabeth II sends her first email.
News and discussion groups were hosted by USENET.
The Computer Science Network (CSNET) was established in 1981 by the National Science Foundation.
The protocol suite, commonly known as "TCP/IP", emerged as the protocol for ARPANET in 1982. This results in the definition of the internet as connected. The internet uses the standard protocol for communication.
The.edu,.gov,.com,.mil,.org,.net, and.int system for naming websites were established in 1983. It is easier to remember this than the previous designation.
The first person to use the term "cyberspace" was William Gibson.
The first registered domain was symbolics.com.
The National Science Foundation's NSFNET went online in 1986 with a speed of 56,000 bits per second. The network speeds up and regional research and education networks are connected to the NSFNET backbone, which is effectively expanding the Internet throughout the United States. The ARPANET was a network of networks that connected academic users.
There are more than 20,000 hosts on the internet. The first routers from the company was shipped.
The first commercial provider of dial-up access to the internet was World.std.com.
Tim Berners-Lee is a scientist at the European Organization for Nuclear Research. This technology has a big impact on how we view the internet today.
The World Wide Web was introduced to the public.
The first audio and video are uploaded to the internet. The phrase "surfing the internet" is popular.
The White House and United Nations go online when the number of websites reaches 600. The Mosaic Web browser is developed by the University of Illinois. The number of computers connected to the network grew from 2000 to 2 million in 1993. The National Science Foundation leads an effort to outline a new internet architecture that would support the burgeoning commercial use of the network.
Netscape Communications was born in 1994. Microsoft created a browser for Windows 95.
The creators of Yahoo! are two electrical engineering graduate students. The company was incorporated in March 1995 and was originally called Jerry and David's Guide to the World Wide Web.
America Online and Compuserve began to provide internet access in 1995. eBay, Amazon.com and Craigslist are live. The internet's transformation to a commercial enterprise is largely complete, as the original NSFNET backbone is no longer needed.
Match.com is the first online dating site.
The browser war is heating up between Microsoft and Netscape. Tv.com was bought for $15,000.
One of the first viral videos is a 3D animation called The Dancing Baby.
The company that sent users DVDs by mail was founded in 1997.
Thanks to a settlement with the Justice Department, Microsoft's internet software can be removed from new versions of Windows 95. The browser will be free.
The way users engage with the internet was changed by the birth of the search engine.
The Internet Protocol version 6 was introduced in 1998 to allow for future growth. version 4 is the most widely used protocol. 3.4 x 1038 unique addresses, or 340 trillion trillion trillion, is the number of unique addresses that can be achieved with the use of 32-bit and 128-bit addresses.
AOL buys Netscape. The music industry dislikes peer-to-peer file sharing as Napster arrives on the Internet.
The dot-com bubble burst. The vulnerability of the Internet is highlighted by a large-scale denial of service attack hitting websites such as Yahoo! AOL and Time Warner are merging.
A federal judge shut down the online file sharing service in 2001 because it had to find a way to stop users from sharing copyrighted material.
The SQL Slammer worm spread in 10 minutes. It was the first time that Myspace, Skype and the Safari Web browser were used.
The publishing platform was launched in 2003
The era of social networking began in 2004. The Mozilla browser was unveiled.
2005 is when YouTube.com launches. The social news site is also founded.
AOL changed its business model in 2006 to offer most services for free and rely on advertising to make money. The Internet Governance Forum is new.
2006 is the year that the social networking site, Twitter, launches. Jack Dorsey sent out the very first message: "Just setting up my twttr."
The internet is 40 years old.
Facebook has 400 million active users.
The social media sites are launched.
The Middle East revolts were aided by social media.
The Protect Intellectual Property Act, which would have required internet service providers to police copyrighted content, was opposed by the Obama administration. The successful push to stop the bill, involving technology companies such as Google and nonprofit organizations including Wikipedia and the Electronic Frontier Foundation, is considered a victory for sites that depend on user-generated content as well as fair use on the internet.
The National Security Agency had a program to monitor the communications of thousands of people, including U.S. citizens, according to Edward Snowden, a former CIA employee.
According to a survey, fifty-one percent of U.S. adults report that they bank online.
By the middle of the same year, the photo-sharing site had 400 million users, compared to 316 million for the micro-messaging site.
The entry of the internet giant into the computerized assistant marketplace was marked by the launch of the voice-activated personal assistant program. Amazon's Alexa, Apple's Siri, and Microsoft's Cortana are now joined by Google.
There has been a rise in internet-enabled devices. An increase in the Internet of Things will see seven billion devices by the end of the year.
5G networks enable faster internet connection on some wireless devices.
There will be over 4 billion people connected to the internet by January 2021. This is more than half of the world's population.
The internet is closer to reality. More than 1,900 Starlink satellites will be launched by early January 2022. The constellation is now providing broadband service in some areas.
You can watch the video to learn more about the project. To read an interview with Leonard Kleinrock, visit the Communications of the ACM website.
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