The Senate Judiciary Committee deadlocked on a party-line vote, but all 50 Senate Democrats and three Senate Republicans voted to advance the Supreme Court nominee.
All Democrats on the panel voted in favor of Jackson, while all Republicans voted against him. Chuck Schumer filed a motion to discharge the committee after the tie forced him to hold another vote to push Jackson's nomination forward.
Republican senators from Maine, Alaska, and Utah all voted for Jackson. Jackson was confirmed last year to her current seat on the US Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit.
Collins announced last week that she would vote in favor of Jackson's Supreme Court nomination, but Murkowski and Romney made their support known on Monday evening. Romney was seen as a swing vote for Jackson.
Democrats and the White House had been vying for a bipartisan confirmation for Jackson.
Jackson is expected to get a final confirmation vote later this week. The Senate will be on holiday for Easter and Democrats hope to approve Jackson before then.
Several Republicans on the Judiciary Committee, including Lindsey Graham of South Carolina, Ted Cruz of Texas, and Josh Hawley of Missouri, had previously announced they would oppose Jackson. The Supreme Court confirmation process has become more partisan in recent years.
During Jackson's confirmation hearings last month, the intense partisanship was on full display as Republicans grilled the 51-year-old judge while Democrats praised her. Jackson's sentencing record as a federal district judge and her judicial philosophy were questioned by GOP senators. Her extensive legal background, her endorsements from legal figures on the right and left, and her historic nomination were all trumpeted by Democrats.
Jackson was nominated by President Joe Biden a month after Associate Justice Stephen Breyer announced his retirement. The Supreme Court will have a new justice at the end of the summer term. Jackson will be the first black woman on the Supreme Court. The current 6-3 conservative majority will not be affected by her confirmation.