Raleigh News and ObserverRaleigh News and Observer

A reader pointed out to me that the report was not just about the coast, but also about Raleigh.

William Sweet grew up in Raleigh and vacationed on Topsail Island as a youth. Sweet graduated from UNC-Chapel Hill with a master's degree and his doctorate after playing for the soccer team in the early 1990s.

The leading expert on sea level rise is Sweet, an oceanographer at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. He lives in Maryland but travels to the Outer Banks and other barrier islands in North Carolina.

I spoke with Sweet about how rising sea levels will affect the coast of North Carolina. The sea level along parts of the coast could rise as much as 14 inches by the year 2050 according to his report.

This is happening. Sweet said that it is not an end-of-century issue anymore. He hopes the data and maps provided by the government will help coastal communities adjust to the change.

Sweet said it was unclear whether the rise in sea level would moderate or accelerate. It depends on the extent to which greenhouse gas emissions continue to heat the atmosphere and how much sea water expands as it warms.

He said that it is all conditioned by what humans do in terms of emissions and heating. There is a correlation between emissions and the chance of higher sea level rise.

The Outer Banks are vulnerable because the islands themselves are moving toward the mainland. The beach homes collapse into the sea and send sand and water over the highway.

The risk is not limited to vulnerable areas. Morehead City is one of the coastal North Carolina towns that are seeing the effects. Even on sunny days, sea levels are rising. That causes storm water to back up and makes the roads difficult to navigate. If the water rises three feet above the high tide level, it could cause more serious flooding in the future.

He said that the kind of flooding that can be problematic is going to be fairly routine unless preventive measures are taken now.

The battle against the sea is lost according to some coastal geologists. The sea that human activity has caused to rise will take its share of the shore and new coastal development should end.

Sweet believes that coastal communities don't need to retreat, but they will need to adjust.

The rise of the sea is more than just about science. It's also about the threat to places he knew in summers past, such as Topsail Island and other parts of the North Carolina coast.

He said that the barrier islands will move and erode. It will create more of a challenge to maintain the footprint in these shifting barrier islands, which Topsail is.

Sea level is on the rise and unless some preventive upfront action is taken, the impact will grow in time.

Ned Barnett is an associate opinion editor.

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