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For months, scientists, public health officials, politicians and the general public have debated whether prior SARS-CoV-2 infection — touted as “natural immunity” — offers protection against COVID-19 that is comparable to vaccines. Yahoo News spoke to two experts about natural immunity and vaccine-induced immunity in the time of Omicron. They explain what you can do to maximize your protection against the highly transmissible variant.

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At the beginning of February,Denmark became the first major country to lift the last of its COVID-19 restrictions.

The shape of things to come was heralded as a result ofDenmark's liberation from indoor mask mandates, vaccine passports and nightclub closings. Democratic governors across the U.S. started to change their mask rules a few days later.

Two girls, one with magenta hair and one blonde, kiss as others look on in a group of exuberant young women celebrating at night.
People at a nightclub in Copenhagen on Feb. 4 in celebration of Denmark's first weekend of eased COVID-19 restrictions. (Ole Jensen/Getty Images)

The Prime Minister said that the transition to a new era for all of us will be completely open.

Since then, the number of COVID-19 cases per capita has increased by about a third, and the number of COVID hospitalizations and deaths has increased by about a third.

Dr. Eric Topol, founder and director of the Scripps Translational Institute, shared several charts that terminated in upward lines on Sunday.

The world is looking toDenmark as a guide to removing all restrictions, and it seems that we have seen this movie before.

Topol argued that by ending the measures early, the Danes have brought a resurgence of infections, hospitalization and death, and anyone who follows in their footsteps risks doing the same.

An 11-year-old girl wearing a mask bares her left shoulder as a medical worker swabs it for a vaccination against the novel coronavirus.
Sarah Bülow Carlsen,11, prepares to be vaccinated against the coronavirus in Amager, Denmark, on Nov. 28. (Olafur Steinar Gestsson/Ritzau Scanpix/AFP via Getty Images)

Is it the right way to read the numbers? In response to Topol's tweet and others like it, Danes took to the internet to object.

Those data don't capture the epidemic situation in the country, according to political scientist Michael Bang Petersen, who leads the country's largest study of pandemic behavior.

The hospital burden in regards to COVID-19 is still low compared to previous waves, according to an official at the Danish Health Authority.

The number of people who are hospitalized with COVID but not necessarily because of it is reflective of high incidence in society.

This might sound like an academic debate about statistics. It is actually something much deeper and more significant. The United States is following in the footsteps of Denmark, which decided that COVID risks have become more acceptable than COVID rules.

People in winter clothing gather around a temporary booth on a sidewalk in Manhattan advertising COVID-19 testing.
A COVID-19 testing site in New York on Feb. 10. (Lokman Vural Elibol/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)

The pandemic won't be over unless we pivot; the virus will spread regardless of how we label it, particularly in poorer countries and communities. Instead, it would mean that we have given up trying to protect each other, at least as a matter of government order, leaving individuals to protect themselves as they please.

How much risk is a society willing to tolerate in exchange for no more rules?

The less disruptive coexistence with a virus that comes after a Pandemic is identified. Even catastrophically prevalent and deadly diseases can be endemic, as long as the crisis they cause feels constant and acceptable to whoever is thinking to ask.

The current situation inDenmark offers an early glimpse of how that kind of situation could unfold. The cases appeared to crest in January. They began to rise again immediately after the measures were lifted, reaching a new all-time high average of 7,970 cases per million residents.

That's a lot of virus. At the height of their recent Omicron waves, the U.S. and the U.K. topped out at around 2,500 cases per million residents.

A patient with COVID-19 is operated on after the patient's respiration stopped during hospitalization at Herlev Hospital's Department of Anesthesia, Operation and Intensive Care, near Copenhagen, in May 2020. (Olafur Steinar Gestsson/Ritzau Scanpix/AFP via Getty Images)
A COVID-19 patient is operated on in Herlev Hospital outside Copenhagen in May 2020. (Olafur Steinar Gestsson/Ritzau Scanpix/AFP via Getty Images)

The U.K. and the U.S. rates for COVID hospitalizations climbed at the same time. More Danes are currently hospitalized with COVID than ever before. Denmark will set a new record within the next few days if carbon deaths keep increasing at their current rate.

That looks bleak on paper. The experts from Danes such as Neermark argue that it is not intolerable. They say thatDenmark tests at nearly twice the U.K. rate and more than six times the U.S. rate. More COVID cases will be detected.

Since Omicron tends to cause less severe disease, they continue, and since so many Danes are vaccine free, relatively few of these cases are worth it.

The number of hospitalizations, ICU admissions and deaths have increased in tandem with the ongoing surge. The costs of trying to control Omicron and BA.2 would not have been proportional to the current threat because vulnerable Danes are well protected through vaccination and/or prior infections.

In contrast to last winter, when there was a significant increase in all-cause mortality due to COVID-19, Neermark says there is a decrease in all age mortality in the country.

A nurse tightly holds the hand of a patient with COVID-19 shortly after the completion of an operating procedure at Herlev Hospital in Copenhagen, Denmark, in this undated photo taken in May 2020. (Ritzau Scanpix/Olafur Steinar Rye Gestsson via Reuters)
A nurse comforts a COVID-19 patient who had been operated on for respiratory issues at Herlev Hospital outside Copenhagen in May 2020. (Ritzau Scanpix/Olafur Steinar Rye Gestsson via Reuters)

Dr. Jens Lundgren told the New York Times that we let the Omicron epidemic roll.

It's not hard to imagine the U.S. embracing a similar attitude in the months to come. Many Americans, including nearly all Republican politicians and most red-state residents, as well as a substantial minority of left-leaning Americans, have been living that way for some time now.

In places like Los Angeles and New York City, bars and restaurants are packed even though they are supposedly restricted. Regardless of policy, behavior reverted back to the norm of the year before, signaling widespread public impatience with the economic and social trade-offs of mitigation measures.

Once states such as California repeal their indoor mask mandates, in schools and elsewhere, and once the last few federal rules about masking for interstate air travel are lifted, the United States will once again be an island. As Omicron numbers plummet across the country, this spring could mark the transition to a new era for the U.S.

But then what? Will the U.S. leaders acknowledge that there could be even more transmissible and more virulent versions of the same strain? 35 percent of U.S. seniors remain unboosted, and nearly as many 40- to 65-year-olds aren't fully vaccineed.

Will they keep the tests and high-quality masks that were in short supply during the last surge? Will they make it easier to get antiviral pills? Will they invest in a vaccine that is already effective against future coronaviruses?

Will they be able to restore indoor mask requirements if conditions get worse?

Will Americans just live with whatever comes their way? What price will they pay?

Andy Slavitt, former administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, talks as Dr. Rebekah Gee, secretary of the Louisiana Department of Health, looks on at a health care panel discussion.
Andy Slavitt, former administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, and Dr. Rebekah Gee, secretary of the Louisiana Department of Health, at a health care panel discussion in 2019. (Tom Williams/CQ Roll Call via Getty Images)

Andy Slavitt was an adviser to the Biden administration. Andersen has been observing his home country closely in recent weeks, and he is worried about the message it is sending, particularly to places like the U.S. that are less protected.

We want people to make their own decisions, so we're going to lower the remaining restrictions.

Andersen said that they have to be realistic. If we say we are not going to have restrictions, it's up to you to get your boosters and wear a face mask. In this country alone, we should expect 200,000 to 250,000 deaths a year.

Andersen said that if officials make that clear up front, we can agree or disagree on whether that is acceptable. That conversation is very different from what they're doing inDenmark.

Andersen said that the alternative is a middle path that allows restrictions to be turned on and off in response to changing conditions.

He explained that they are going to innovate the heck out of this.

It also requires that we realize that datememe is going to be a problem in the next five to 10 years. What is the point of it?

How are vaccination rates affecting the latest COVID surge? Check out this explainer from Yahoo Immersive to find out.

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