Scientists have shown that two blood proteins influence how long we live.
The largest genetic study of aging suggests that drugs that target these genes could be a way of slowing the aging process.
After we reach adulthood, our bodies begin to decline, which leads to age-related diseases and death. This latest research looks at which genes could affect the aging process.
Genetics, lifestyle, environment and chance are some of the factors that determine the rate at which we age and die. The study sheds light on what happens in this process.
Some people have higher or lower levels of certain genes because of their parents' genes. These levels can affect a person's health.
University of Edinburgh researchers combined the results of six large genetic studies into human aging -- each containing genetic information on hundreds of thousands of people.
Researchers found two that had negative effects on various aging measures.
People who inherit genes that cause raised levels of these proteins are less likely to live a long life than people who don't.
There is apolipoprotein(a) (LPA) that is made in the body and is thought to play a role in clotting. A condition in which arteries become clogged with fatty substances can be caused by high levels of LPA. There is a chance of heart disease and stroke.
VCAM1 is found on the surface of the cells that line the blood vessels. The immune response and blood clotting are controlled by theprotein.
When the body sends signals that it has detected an infection, VCAM1 allows immune cells to cross the endothelial layer, as seen in people who have naturally low levels of these proteins.
Drugs used to treat diseases by reducing levels of LPA and VCAM1 could have an added benefit of improving quality and length of life according to the researchers.
A clinical trial is testing a drug to lower the risk of heart disease.
There are no clinical trials involving VCAM1, but studies in mice show how lowering the level of VCAM1 improves cognitive function.
The findings have been published.
Dr Paul Timmers, lead researcher at the MRC Human Genetics Unit at University of Edinburgh, said that the identification of these two key proteins could help extend the healthy years of life. If people who have won the genetic lottery and have low levels of VCAM1 and LPA in their blood are treated with drugs that lower these levels, they can live as healthy as the average person.
Professor Jim Wilson, Chair of Human Genetics at the University of Edinburgh, said: "This study showcases the power of modern genetics to identify two potential targets for future drugs to extend lifespan."
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