Robinho scored 28 goals for Brazil.
Robinho lost his final appeal against his conviction for taking part in the gang rape of a woman in Milan.
The Supreme Court in Rome upheld a previous ruling and sentenced the man to nine years in jail.
Robinho and five other Brazilians were found guilty of attacking an Albanian woman in a nightclub.
The sentence was upheld in December 2020.
Italy can request that Robinho serve his sentence in South America, but he is unlikely to do so as he is in Brazil, where the constitution does not allow the extradition of its citizens.
Robinho started his career at Santos before moving to Real Madrid, where he won two La Liga titles in four seasons.
He joined Manchester City in 2008 for a British record fee, but was sent back to his previous club in January 2010 after failing to make an impact in England.
He joined Guangzhou Evergrande in July of 2015, after winning the Italian league during his spell at AC Milan.
After his sixth-month deal expired, he moved back to Brazil and joined Atlantique Mineiro on a two-year deal, before returning toSantos in October 2020 on a five-month contract.
The Brazilian club suspended his contract in order for the player to concentrate on his defence in the ongoing case in Italy, after his signing was met with criticism.