An artist's impression of a new state consisting of two baryons. Credit: Keiko Murano.
The existence of an exotic particle made up of six elementary particles could help us understand how quarks combine to form the nucleus of atoms.
The fundamental building blocks of matter are quaks. The nucleus of atoms are made up of protons and neutrons. The particles are collectively known as baryons.
Scientists have pondered the existence of systems with two baryons. The nucleus of a hydrogen atom made up of a protons and a neutron is called a deuteron. There were fleeting existences of other dibaryons, but they were caught in nuclear-physics experiments.
"Although the deuteron is the only stable dibaryon, there are many more," says Takuya Sugiura of the RIKEN Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program. It's important to study which pairs of baryons form dibaryons because this gives valuable insights into how quarks form.
quarks interact with each other in quantum chromodynamics It is difficult to make quantum chromodynamics calculations because of the strongcoupling between quarks. When considering bound states of baryons, the computations become even more complex.
The charm di-Omega was predicted by the force acting between two baryons each containing three charm quarks.
The calculation was done with large-scale numerical calculations. The calculations involved a lot of variables, so they used two powerful supercomputers. The cost and time to perform the calculations were greatly reduced by having access to the supercomputers. It took us a long time to predict the existence of the charm di-Omega.
The charm di-Omega is the simplest system for studying interactions between baryons. The Fugaku is the successor to the K computer and is used by the team to study other hadrons. "We're interested in interactions between other particles with quarks," says Sugiura. We hope to shed light on the mystery of how quarks combine to form particles.
The research was published.
The Physical Review Letters show that the highest Charm Number is near Unitarity. There is a book titled "PhysRevLett. 127.07-2003."
Journal information: Physical Review Letters.
The exotic six-quark particle was predicted by the supercomputers on December 10, 2021.
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