Dawn Neptune Adams is in Bangor, Maine. Adams co-directs a film that focuses on the bounty proclamation, one of the dozens of government-issued bounty proclamations that directed colonial settlers to hunt, kill and steal Indigenous people for money. The photo was taken by Robert F. Bukaty.
After the arrival of European settlers, Native Americans were subjected to a number of atrocities. They aren't always taught the extent of indiscriminate killings.
The Penobscot Nation in Maine produced an educational film about how European settlers killed Indigenous people during the British colonial era.
Dawn Neptune Adams, one of the three Penobscot Nation members featured in the film, said it was genocide.
She said the effort isn't meant to make Americans feel bad. The filmmakers want to make sure this history isn't whitewashed by promoting a full understanding of the nation's past.
The project is based on a chilling declaration by the lieutenant governor of Massachusetts Bay.
The license to kill Penobscots was issued in November 1755. The reward for the scalp of a man was about $12,000 in today's dollars, and half that for a woman. The amount was less for a child. In addition to money, settlers who killed Indigenous people were rewarded with land.
The declaration is familiar to many Penobscots because a copy was displayed at the tribal offices.
If every American knew the history of the country, it would help us to understand each other better and get along better.
The filmmakers said that both Europeans and Native Americans were involved in the practice of scalping.
The first order of colonial scalping was from 1675. The first Thanksgiving in 1621 was when Pilgrims gathered with Wampanoag people for a harvest celebration.
The filmmakers found that there were more than 70 bounty proclamations that encouraged white colonists to kill tribal members in what is now New England. Between 1675 and 1760, the governments of New England paid out bounties for the scalps of at least 375 Indigenous people.
The tribal education effort was called a powerful course correction by a Salem State University professor.
Most people know that the Native Americans were the first to arrive and that the colonists tried to remove them. They don't know what the extremes were. At times, the Native American man, woman or child was considered a fair game by the government.
The filmmakers collaborated with the Massachusetts-based Upstander Project to make a film in November.
The Old State House in Boston was where Tim Shay and his family were filmed. The location where the order was signed is the same one.
In "Bounty," three people talk about their nightmares of Penobscots being chased through the woods and the dehumanization of their people.
Dana said that learning about a people's humanity affects how you treat my kids, how you vote on public policy, and how you may view my people.
A study guide for teachers accompanies the short video. The Portland Public Schools in Maine are buying licenses for the video and plan to use the study guides to assist instruction.
In Portland, the Wabanaki studies will be part of a curriculum that will bring the school district into compliance with a 2001 law requiring students to be taught about Native Americans.
Hopper said that students and teachers will see the ongoing resistance of Penobscot Nation citizens.
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