Madagascar on the brink of climate change-induced famine

The UN estimates that at least half a million children below five years old are at risk of becoming acutely malnourished.
According to the United Nations', Madagascar is at the edge of the first "climate-change famine" in the world. After four years of drought, tens of thousands are already facing "catastrophic" levels hunger and food insecurity.

The worst drought in 40 years has decimated isolated farming communities in the southern part of the country, leaving families to hunt for insects and survive.

Shelley Thakral, UN World Food Programme's Shelley Thakral said that these are famine-like situations and they're driven by climate change not conflict.

According to the UN, 30,000 people currently experience the highest level of food insecurity (level five) and there are fears that this number could increase as Madagascar enters the traditional "lean" season before harvest.

This is an unprecedented feat. These people have done absolutely nothing to combat climate change. They don't use fossil fuels, but they are still causing climate change," stated Ms Thakral.

Families from Fandiova in Amboasary showed the visiting WFP team what they were eating by showing it to their families.

Crops are no longer viable and people now rely on insects and cactus leaf for food

Tamaria, a mother to four children, said, "I clean the bugs as best I can, but there's almost none water."

She said that her children and she have been eating this every single day for eight months now because there is nothing else to eat or rain to help us harvest what we have sow.

Bole, a mother to three children, said that today there was nothing else to eat but cactus leaves.

She claimed that her husband died from hunger just a few days ago, and that he was also a neighbor, leaving her with two children to feed.

"What can you say?" "Our lives are all about finding cactus leaves to survive.

Water management should be improved

Experts believe that climate change is directly related to Madagascar's current crisis.

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"The latest IPCC report showed that Madagascar had seen an increase in its aridity. This is likely to continue if climate change continues.

"In many ways, this can be seen to be a powerful argument for people changing their ways," Dr Rondro Barimalala (a Madagascan scientist who works at the University of Cape Town in South Africa) said.

Chris Funk, Climate Hazards Center director at Santa Barbara University, California confirmed the connection with "warming" in the atmosphere and stated that the Madagascan authorities must work to improve water management.

"We believe there is a lot to be done in the near term. Farmers can often predict when it will be more rain than normal and can use this information to increase their crop yield. He said that we are not helpless when it comes to climate change."

In the south, successive droughts have resulted in soil drying out.

The drought is also affecting larger cities in southern Madagascar, where many children are forced to eat on the streets.

"The market prices are increasing - three to four times." Tshina Endor from Seed in Tolanaro, said that people are selling their land to make some money.

Lomba Hasoavana, her colleague, stated that he and others had been sleeping in the cassava fields to protect their crops against hungry people, but it had become too dangerous.

You could endanger your life. It's really hard for me because I have to think about my family and food every day." He said. It's a big, huge question mark: what will happen tomorrow?