Why women are more likely to suffer from long Covid | Susan Evans and Mark Hutchinson

The initial focus of Covid-19 was to stop death. It was more common for older men to succumb to the virus than it was for younger people. However, not all human beings are equally affected. Covid-19 infection could be fatal for some people and mild in others.This has been the case throughout human evolution. Humans with the best immune systems can survive an emerging infectious threat.We have seen the rise of Post-Covid Syndrome (commonly known as long Covid) over time. Although the initial infection is gone, symptoms can persist or develop. This causes prolonged suffering, even though the initial infection was not severe. Covid-19 is the story of who dies and suffers from viruses.Women are at greater risk for inflammatory immune conditions like chronic pain, chronic fatigue, and autoimmune diseases.Coronavirus epidemics have been experienced in the past, so there is a lot of experience. Both the 2002 Sars (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), epidemic and 2015 Mers (Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome epidemic) were caused by coronaviruses.Both cases showed that men were more likely than women to die from the infection. Healthcare workers were also at higher risk for infection. A large number of survivors had ongoing symptoms. Post-Covid syndromes, Post-Sars, and Post-Mers syndromes all have persistent fatigue and pain and are similar to Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (a condition that is more common in women than it is in men).These conditions can cause excessive activation of immune cells (eg macrophages) and immune-competent brain cells (glia). Special receptors called Toll-Like Rectors are found on the surfaces of innate immune cells. This is where the initial immune response takes place. TLRs recognize Covid-19 in the body and release molecular signals called Cytokines. This makes us feel sick. The most severe aspect of Covid-19 infections is Cytokine Storm, which is the extreme form of cytokine production. TLR stimulation can be repeated to stimulate chronic medical conditions such as chronic pain. The severity of these symptoms is related with the degree of glial activation in the brain.03:08 How does chronic pain work? Video explanationCovid-19's effects on women can differ from those on men in many ways. Women are more resilient to bacterial and viral infections than men. They are less likely to die from a pandemic. They live longer than the average person. However, a stronger immune system can come at a cost. Women are more likely to develop autoimmune diseases, such as chronic pain, fatigue and chronic fatigue later in life. You will find most long-term pain patients in the waiting area of a doctor who treats women.TLR activity is already elevated in conditions such as endometriosis, severe period pain, chronic pelvic pain, and endometriosis. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome is strongly associated with pre-existing gynaecological problems. Chronic pain is a result of repeated stimulation of the immune system. Infection with Covid-19 provides a major immune stimuli.It is not yet known if Covid-19 will cause women to develop more severe immune-based symptoms, even if the Covid-19 infection was only mild.Most studies have been done on people who had to go to hospital for serious illnesses. The effects on milder infections will be apparent over time. Paris clinic monitored more than 50,000 Covid-19-infected patients who were kept in check at home. The infection was not serious. Patients with anxiety symptoms, prolonged fatigue, muscle pains, and anxiety symptoms in the months after infection were overwhelmingly female (4 out of every 5 males) and average age 40.It is no longer possible to avoid Covid-19 infection for the long-term. Humans with access to vaccines can choose between getting vaccinated or risking Covid-19 infection. While neither option is without risk, the vaccine is still relatively new. We don't know all about it, but Covid-19 infection is an immune stimulant. A Covid-19 infection can also lead to serious complications, including the possibility of thromboembolic diseases, which could result in death.Our community depends on the health and well-being of women, who make up 67% percent of the global healthcare workforce. They are more likely to be exposed than women in general, and could present a significant group of people with important Covid-19 requirements.Chronic pain sufferers have been told for years that it is all in their heads. It is now clear that this is false. The pain that cannot be seen explains why doctors are still playing catch-up with chronic pain conditions such as endometriosis, migraine, and other pain conditions. It also explains what they need to do about long Covid.