Atlanta, Georgia
Atlanta is one of the many cities that has gotten serious about cracking down on short-term rentals.
Steve Kelley / Getty Images

As high home prices and rising interest rates made it difficult for regular buyers to enter the market, investors turned to short-term rental platforms like Airbnb.

Growing numbers of vacationers, travel nurses, and remote workers made investors want to rent homes to them. The travel boom created by the Pandemic will make it more difficult for investors to make money from short-term rentals in the future.

Some of their neighbors are frustrated because a number of vacation rental owners and property managers are cashing in in both the US andCanada.

It is paying off for a lot of people. The average US host's income increased by 85% since the beginning of the year. There were a record 1.5 million listings available by early 2022.

Locals say the mounting presence of short-term rentals in their neighborhoods can lead to a variety of issues, from mundane annoyances to substantial challenges.

The revenue that vacationers bring in and the rights of property owners are what cities and towns try to balance. Communities from the beaches of California to the mountains of Vermont are trying to figure out what the future of short-term rentals will look like.

Some local governments, like in Honolulu, have passed regulations that ban rental stays under 90 days, while others, like in Aspen, Colorado, have proposed taxes on owners. In Tennessee, the city of Chattanooga paused new applications for non-owner occupied units as it considered the future of short term rentals.

Short-term rentals have been part of the fabric of popular vacation destinations such as these for decades, and our goal is to work with communities on balanced rules that support local tourism economies, provide certainty and clarity for hosts, and address community concerns. The City Portal page on the site has resources for the local government.

In the US and Canada, residents and politicians are fighting against short-term rentals. They are shown in chronological order.

Do you want to limit short-term rentals? Do you own a short-term rental and want to discuss your experience with regulations? Send reporter Dan Latu an email.

Dunes and mountain peaks at Great Sand Dune National Park in Colorado
The Great Sand Dune National Park and the nearby Sangre de Cristo mountains draw visitors to southern Colorado every year.
Dan Ballard/Getty Images

Visitors flock to see the tallest dunes in North America at the Great Sand Dunes National Park, which is four hours south of Denver.

The Alamosa Citizen reported that there were 24 short-term rentals registered with the city.

The Alamosa City Council passed two resolutions in April that were seen as a compromise between short-term rental owners and frustrated residents.

Short-term rentals that are available for less than 30 days can only be found in single- family homes or one unit in a multi-unit building. Renting more than four units in a building is no longer permitted.

There will be a license fee of $750 and a yearly renewal fee of $300 for short-term rentals. There is a limit on the number of short-term-rental licenses that can be issued.

New short-term-rental licenses need to be notified to neighbors.

Employers were struggling to find workers due to a tight and increasingly expensive housing market.

There is reasonable preservation of housing units for residents and it is important to bring resolution to this item so business owners can predict what will be expected of them.

Storefronts in Aspen, Colorado pictured before a snowy mountain
Aspen, Colorado
VisionsofAmerica/Joe Sohm

Voters in Aspen approved a measure in November that imposes taxes on short-term and vacation rentals. There is a 5% tax on nightly room rates for short-term rentals with lodge-exempt permits, and a 10% tax on investment properties.

Steamboat Springs, a popular Colorado resort town about three hours north of Aspen, passed a similar tax on vacation rentals last week.

The vote is a re-affirmation that Aspen is a community, wants to be a community, and supports the community, according to Rachel Richards, a member of the Aspen City Council.

The average daily rate in Aspen is 749-99. The average home price in Aspen is more than $3 million, making it the most expensive city in Colorado.

One of Colorado's best-known resort locations will be hurt by the measure, according to opponents. According to data from the Aspen Chamber of Commerce, the average daily rate for Aspen hotels increased by 29% in the summer of 2020 while their revenue per available room increased by 99%.

Atlanta, GA homes with the Midtown skyline in the background.
Homes in Atlanta's popular Midtown neighborhood.
novikat/Getty Images

Atlanta passed an law to regulate short term rentals.

To operate a rental property, hosts must pay a $150 annual fee and give a copy of the property's deed and utility bill. The taxes on rentals are the same as hotels in Atlanta. There is a $300 fine for a violation of the law.

Antonio Lewis said he was trying to stop the city from becoming a hotel city.

The owner of a party house will be held responsible for violations if the bill is passed.

The law was supposed to take effect in April but was delayed.

According to an analysis of city-permitting data by The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, 10% of the city's listings applied for permits after the application process opened. There were less than 3% permits.

The enforcement date has been changed to September 6.

The Atlanta police will be in charge of all enforcement of the new rules.

Church Street in Burlington, Vermont at dusk. A steeple at the end of a quiet downtown shopping district.
Church Street in Burlington, Vermont, is the downtown hub of the state's most populous city.
DenisTangneyJr/Getty Images

Vermont's most populous city attracts more than just leaf peepers, it also has a variety of attractions.

The debate over short-term rentals has been going on for a year. The main concern for officials is whether short-term rentals take away housing stock from Burlington residents.

Short-term-rental owners were required by the City Council to live in the house as their primary residence. The mayor said the measure was too restrictive.

The new members of the City Council voted in April to consider a new set of rules, and in June they passed a brand-new law.

The owners of short-term rentals are now required to live on the property. The hosts will pay an annual fee of up to $110 and a 9% tax on revenue from the rental.

A river boat in Tennessee at dusk
Riverboat cruises draw visitors to the Tennessee River in Chattanooga, where the city has paused all short-term-rental applications.
SeanPavonePhoto/Getty Images

All applications for short-term rental that are not owner-occupied have been paused by the city council. The remainder of the year will be frozen.

The merits of the city's rental industry have been debated. According to a report by Channel 9 News, in the year 2021, tax revenue from the rentals was $3.5 million.

Some residents are worried about the ability of outside investors to hurt the local economy.

I don't think it's a good idea for investors to come in out of state and buy a bunch of property. They don't invest in the community. Donna Morgan told Channel 9 that they weren't invested in the city.

There are a lot of short term rentals.

A photo of apartments in Coeur d'Alene overlooking a river
Coeur d'Alene, Idaho is a resort town that is a 40-minute drive east of Spokane, Washington.
Alan Nick

The leaders of the city of Coeur d'Alene are trying to limit the number of short term rentals in the town.

As the number of vacation rentals continues to grow, the city is considering additional restrictions on short term rentals. The General Services/Public Works Committee could change the law to require off-street parking, increase fees, and limit the number of permits.

Christie Wood told KREM 2 in September that we can't have a thousand people rushing to get a permit.

The average daily rate for vacation rentals in Coeur d'Alene is $260 according to Airdna. According to local news station KREM, only 453 vacation rental properties have been approved by the city.

At a time when the local housing market is shifting in favor of buyers, there is a debate over vacation rentals in the area. As of November, the average home value was just under $500,000 and the number of homes sold was down by more than a third compared to a year ago.

Dallas
Dallas is one of the fastest growing cities in the nation.
Danny Lehman/ Getty Images

The Dallas City Plan Commission voted 9-4 on December 8 to recommend that short-term rental properties be defined as lodging. The properties could be prevented from being in Dallas' single- family residential neighborhoods.

The recommendation needs to be approved by the Dallas City Council before any action can be taken. The recommendation could be voted on by the body as early as January 11,23.

Commissioner Stanard told the Dallas Morning News that the proposal could improve public safety. During their debate, the commission heard complaints from local residents about loud music and lots of cars.

Standard asked, "If my granddaughter is living next to a short-term rental or between them, is that really what my son-in-law bought a house to have as his next- door neighbor?"

There are more than 5,000 short term rentals in Dallas. The average daily rate is $165 and theOccupancy rate is 60%.

Adding new regulations would solve some of the problems city residents are having.

Commissioner Kingston told the Dallas Morning News that she didn't think regulation was the only solution to the problem.

Fort Worth and Arlington have already restricted vacation rentals from their neighborhoods.

An apartment building overlooking the beach on Dauphin Island, Alabama
Dauphin Island, Alabama sits on the Gulf Coast near the Louisiana border.
Barry Winiker

The small island off of the gulf coast in Pelican Bay has restrictions on short term rentals.

The Planning Commission finalized several restrictions in the rewrite of the town's code. There are restrictions on where short term rentals can be located, the number of vehicles that can be parked at a rental property, and an annual fee for rental property owners.

According to a report by Al.com, the new limitations have made residents at odds. The properties are being used to improve the island. The regulations are balancing the interests of the business and the community, according to those who want to limit the number of short term rentals.

"One group will say they are renting out their house and the next thing you know is you have eight cars parked all over the yard," said the local liaison for the planning commission. It's a break for them. I'm aware of that. There is a community and neighborhood that is protected.

According to AirDNA, there are over 500 vacation rental homes in the island.

A photo of an apartment complex overlooking the Dillon reservoir
Dillon, Colorado is a ski town near Breckenridge.
Brad McGinley

Voters approved a slate of measures aimed at curtailing the properties in November and the city council is considering how to move forward with the town's new short term rental regulations.

According to a report by Summit Daily, the city council is considering an increase in the annual fee for short-term rentals from $50 to $250 and include questions about how the rental unit will be used.

Voters approved a pair of ballot questions that increased the city's lodging tax and imposed a 5% excise tax on short-term rentals.

In Summit County, home to some of Colorado's favorite ski attractions, the city is located.

The city estimates that the new taxes could bring in $3 million a year. The town can collect up to $4.5 million of this specific tax before triggering a tax refunds under state law, according to the town's finance director.

The voters approved the taxes at a time when the housing market is doing well. The median home price in the area has increased more than 30% in the last year.

A photo of a ski lift in Frisco, Colorado that is closed because of heavy snowfall.
Frisco, Colorado is another ski town near Breckenridge.
Bloomberg Creative

In October, a small town in central Colorado capped the number of short term rentals within its jurisdiction at 900, or 25% of the local housing stock.

According to the Summit Daily, the new regulations require short term rental landlords to live at their property for at least 10 months out of the year but passed on the chance to create a new license for short-term rentals.

The Fisco area is seen by locals as a cheap place to visit if you want to go to popular resort destinations. There is an excise tax on short term rentals in Frisco.

Some people might be very careful to who they rent to and how they monitor it, but others aren't, and that's why a lot of people are unhappy with having short-term rentals next to them.

There are more than 1,700 STRs in the city. The average daily rate is $299 and the averageOccupancy rate is 50%.

Two horses in the foreground eating grass on a farm
Lexington, Kentucky is home to the world-famous Kentucky Derby horse race.
iStock/Getty Images Plus

At a time when their housing markets are growing more competitive, popular tourist towns are starting to crack down on vacation rentals.

According to a report by WKYT, the Special Planning and Public Safety Committee is considering imposing an additional Transient Tax on Vrbo landlords and requiring them to obtain a special business license.

The committee was told that the additional measures could decrease tourism, which is Kentucky's economic bread and butter.

At the same time, the measure comes at a time when real estate values in the area are higher than the national average. The median home price in Lexington has increased 14.4% over the last year to nearly $298,000, according to data from Redfin. The national average increase was 2.6%.

According to data from AirDNA, there are more than 1,200 active vacation rentals in the city that charge an average daily rate of $171 and have anOccupancy Rate of more than 50%.

A photo of apartments and hotels overlooking the beach on Marco Island, Florida
Marco Island is a barrier island near Naples, Florida.
Marc Frei

On August 23, voters in Marco Island, Florida voted to create a registration program for short term rentals. It was approved by the local city council in December.

To register a property, short term rental owners need to have at least $1 million in liability insurance, give the city a phone number that is answered 24 hours a day, and pay a $50 registration fee.

There is a group called Take Back Marco. Ed Issler, leader of Take Back Marco, told WINK that more regulations are needed because short term rental properties have gotten out of control. There are more than 2,400 short term rental properties with an average daily rate of $329.

The owners of vacation rental properties have filed a lawsuit to stop the law from taking effect. In August, David Di Pietro, an attorney for the property owners, told Gulfshore Business that the rules are too strict.

You can't rent until you get the certificate from the city, which means you have to have an inspection from the fire department and the city. There's no one doing that job right now. We think that it will be a ban for a long period of time.

Night time skyline of downtown Montreal, Quebec.
The nighttime skyline of downtown Montréal.
Nicolas McComber/Getty Images

Americans are not the only ones who don't like short-term rentals.

Activists in Montréal, the largest city in Canada's Quebec province, are trying to curb the number of listings.

According to the Coalition of Housing Committees and Tenants Associations of Quebec, thousands of apartments have been lost to short-term rentals.

There are some restrictions. In order to rent out a unit, the owner needs to have an establishment number and a classification certificate from the Quebec tourism body. Operators must put the establishment number on any advertisement or posting to rent space. There is a cap on the maximum stay at 31 days.

It has been difficult to enforce these regulations.

According to the data from InsideAirbnb, 11,639 MontréalAirbnbs are not licensed. About 85% of them, it said.

The simple story is that the province put a good set of rules in place, but has not put in any effort to make sure that anyone follows them.

Aerial view of New York City
There may be upwards of 10,000 short-term rentals operating illegally in New York City.
Alexander Spatari/Getty Images

In order to register their properties with the city, hosts need to provide proof that they live in the units with their guests, and show that the property complies with local rules. In January, the proposal will go into effect and hosts who don't comply could face fines.

As many as 10,000 illegal short-term rentals could be removed by the policy, according to a report by NPR.

The consequences have been disastrous for New Yorkers, according to New York State Assembly Member Zohran Mamdani.

There are more than 24,500 active short-term rentals in New York that charge an average daily rate of $234 and are mostly occupied.

White sand beaches of Hawaii with towering hotels
The famous Waikiki Beach on the island of Oahu, which brings in nearly half of Hawaii's annual visitors.
M Swiet Productions/Getty Images

The mayor of Honolulu signed a law in April that requires a minimum stay of 90 days for short-term rentals in residential areas on the island of Oahu. The city estimates there are between 10,000 and 14,000 short-term rentals.

The bill passed the City Council by a vote of eight to one.

The non-resort neighborhoods of Hawaii's most popular island, Oahu, which is home to Waikiki Beach and Pearl Harbor, are subject to the new law. Half of all tourism spending for the state was spent on Oahu before the Pandemic.

Local residents complain that tourists take away housing opportunities and cause problems.

"Any economic benefits of opening up our residential areas to tourism are far outweigh by the negative impacts on our neighborhoods and local residents," Thomas Cestare said at a City Council hearing.

According to Courthouse News Service, a group of short-term-rental owners sued the city in June in order to get an exemption for rentals that were pre-ordinance. The Hawaii Legal Short-Term Rental Alliance said thousands ofTrademarkiaTrademarkiaTrademarkiaTrademarkiaTrademarkiaTrademarkiaTrademarkias would be harmed by the new 90-day minimum

Courthouse News Service reported that the alliance asked for an injunction ahead of the effective date. The parties requested a meeting with the judge before the deadline, but the presiding judge deferred the decision.

Houses and palm trees with mountains in the background.
Palm Springs is known for its many golf courses and beautiful weather during the winter months.
Robin Smith/Getty Images

The town of Palm Springs is located in California. In order to limit the number of short term rentals in its jurisdiction, San Jacinto State Park in the southern part of the state has adopted an law.

The number of days a landlord can rent out their vacation rental property was reduced. The 300 applications the city received before October 17 will be grandfathered in.

There are a lot of vacation rentals in the city. According to the data, the properties charge an average daily rate of $500 and are almost completely occupied.

The market in Palm Springs has a median home price of $605,000, which is a 14.4% increase when compared to the same time last year. There are just over 100 homes for rent in the city, according to the website.

Palo Alto
Palo Alto is the home of major tech companies HP, VMware, SAP Labs, and others.
Shutterstock

As it struggles to add new housing units, one of California's wealthiest cities is planning to limit the number of short term rentals.

The Palo Alto city council voted to explore creating new regulations for vacation rentals. Palo Alto Online reported that the council is considering banning rentals of less than 30 days from being allowed.

There are 610 short-term rentals in Palo Alto, which have an average daily rate of $277 and a 77 percentOccupancy rate. There are 179 rental listings in Palo Alto.

"We have more units available through short-term rentals than we do as far as just available rental units in the city," Stone said. That is a worry. It's possible that every short-term rental unit on the market is a housing unit that someone can live in for a long period of time.

It was noted by other council members that limiting short-term rentals in the area could affect the ability of families to visit relatives who are being treated at a nearby hospital.

"If we remove this option, we are going to limit the people who live here and the people who need to come here," said councilwoman Alison Cormack.

Shores of Lake Michigan near Holland, Michigan
The shoreline of Lake Michigan.
iStock/Getty Images Plus

The town rule that prohibits short-term rental properties in residential neighborhoods will be enforced by the local officials in Park Township.

The town's board of trustees voted unanimously on the plan during their November meeting, noting that the plan has been on the books for over 40 years. Short-term rentals in commercial zones are the same as hotels and motel.

The trustees offered a number of reasons why they support the law, from keeping the peace to preserving the character of the residential neighborhoods.

There are 141 active vacation rental properties in Park Township, which is more than the 118 homes listed for sale and 22 homes for rent that are listed on the internet.

An image of the Portland, Maine skyline at dusk
Sunset over Portland, Maine.
Mark Bibikow

After voters defeated a ballot initiative that sought to restrict how the properties can operate, legislators in Portland, Maine are considering adding new restrictions.

The local chapter of the Democratic Socialists of America submitted the initiative and it was approved by the city council. It wants to prohibit corporate owners of rental properties from owning short term rentals, prohibit evictions for the purpose of converting a property to a short term rental, and increase penalties for properties that don't comply with the law. The initiative was defeated by a majority of voters.

Business owners and some employees formed a political action group to oppose the initiative, claiming that the Democratic Socialists are manipulating the city's citizen initiated referendum process.

Nick Mavodone is a former city council member and the chairman of the Enough is Enough campaign. There are a lot of unintended consequences with everything that comes before an elected body.

According to the Portland Press Herald, new regulations for short-term rentals will be considered by the Joint Select Committee on Housing when the legislature returns in January 2020.

There are 766 short term rental properties in Portland that have anOccupancy Rate of 74%. The average daily rate at these properties is less than at other popular destinations in Maine.

A landscape photo of the Kingston–Rhinecliff Bridge including foliage
The Kingston–Rhinecliff Bridge in New York's Hudson Valley.
OlegAlbinsky/Getty Images

Red Hook, a small town about two hours north of New York City in the Hudson Valley region, passed short-term rental regulations at the end of the year.

Local laws limit the number of days a property can be rented out, establish rules for what type of renting is allowed, and require permits for hosting

Only one-bedroom rentals are allowed in districts that are heavily residential. Units with more than one bedroom are allowed to be rented. They are not limited by a limit.

The rule states that the home must be the primary residence of the host.

To give a sense of the number of short-term rentals in the area, a search for available rentals for a weekend in June in Red Hook, NY, led to more than 300 listings.

Some Red Hook residents are concerned about their town becoming overrun by weekenders and being used as a party house site.

"With nearly four years of committee and community discussion, input and changes, we hope we've been able to strike a balance between encouraging short-term rentals and protecting residential neighborhoods from conversion."

Homes being rebuilt after a wildfire struck Santa Rosa, California in 2021
Santa Rosa, California is a town 55 miles north of San Francisco.
Matt Dutcher

On August 10, the Santa Rosa City Council voted to limit the number of STRs to 198.

Nearly two-thirds of property owners won't be able to continue renting their homes due to the number of short term rental properties in SantaRosa. In the town that is 55 miles north of San Francisco, the new limitations have made it difficult for neighbors to coexist.

"My problem is I moved into a residential neighborhood and now I live next to a hotel," a resident told the city council in August.

As cities across California move to place restrictions on short term rentals, a new cap on short term rentals has been put in place. Lake Tahoe is in California's wine country.

According to a report by CBS News, the new cap is just another example of city officials trying to solve a problem that doesn't exist.

Gary Lentz, a rental owner, told CBS that he tries to work with his neighbors who complain about noise and other issues. The scrutiny against his business is unjust.

Lentz said that it was almost impossible for these people to do what they were trying to do.

A row of homes on the beach in Sarasota, FL.
Sarasota, Florida is on the Gulf of Mexico.
krblokhin/Getty Images

In the early spring months, the beachy city of Sarasota has become a hot spot for short term rentals.

The top 3 destinations in the country for spring travel in 2022, based on nights booked for March and April, are: It's noteworthy that the population of Sarasota is less than that of Phoenix and Orlando.

The regulations for vacation rentals were passed in May of 2011. There is a minimum of seven days for stays and a maximum of 10 days for single- family- home stays.

Caitlyn Marriott, who lives in nearby Venice, believes that there's more that needs to be done.

Marriott said that the county and some small towns tried to put a curb on the effects that it would have on neighbors but not the whole community.

In order to rent out property for less than 30 days, hosts need to have a certificate of registration from the city. The city does not require registration for vacation rentals that are more than 30 days old.

An image of Steamboat Springs, Colorado, with an old-timey row of stops and restaurants in the foreground and a mountain rising in the background with snow-covered ski runs visible.
Mountains rise behind a street in Steamboat Springs, Colorado.
Shutterstock/Rachele A. Morlan

Steamboat Springs, an idyllic ski town in northwest Colorado, imposed a 9% tax on short-term rental properties to fund affordable housing developments.

Wealthy out-of-towners are the majority of buyers in Colorado's resort towns. According to a survey by the Colorado Association of Ski Towns, in 2020 nearly two-thirds of homebuyers in Routt County hail from other counties and take home an average salary of $150,000.

More than half of Routt County's workforce makes less than $150,000 a year. The average home sales price in the county has increased by more than 30% in the last year.

Heather Sloop, the president of the city council in Steamboat Springs, told KUNC that people have to move because they can't afford rent. It's hurting our community.

There are more than 6,800 short-term rentals listed in Routt County compared to the total number of housing units in the county.

Short-term rental and second-property owners argued that it would tax them out of town.

"New people became involved with the politics and the ski resorts, and their goal was to make it a winter and summer destination," said Sara Gambino, a local real estate broker. They are going back on all the work that went into making the county what it is.

Shoreline of Tybee Island
Tybee Island is barrier island in the Atlantic Ocean about a 30-minute drive from downtown Savannah, Georgia.
Jeff Foster/500px/Getty Images

Tybee Island, Georgia, which sits about 20 miles southeast of Savannah along the South Carolina border, banned vacation and short-term rentals from its residential neighborhoods in October.

The move comes about 16 months after the local city council instituted a moratorium on short term rental properties.

"I've seen my neighborhood change from being full of permanent residents to over half of vacation rentals now," Anna said. I support the extension of the moratorium so that the new law can be worked out fairly.

Some people don't agree with the law. The Tybee Alliance is a group of business leaders.

We believe that the city ignored their own city charter and state law when they passed the law because they didn't give the public enough time to review and comment on it.

There are about 1,500 short-term rentals on the island. The total population of the island is around 3000 full-time residents.

Insider Inc.'s parent company is an investor in the travel website.

AirBnB Short-Term Rental Vacation Rentals