Crop circles are a type of landscape art created by humans.

Some people still believe that crop circles were created by aliens.

How did the flying objects link with the flattened expanses of cereals? Why have these designs been associated with the south?

All of the questions are answered by Doug and Dave.

There were two friends who lived in England. In 1978, the two were sitting in a pub and wondered what they could do for a laugh. After a retired Air Force officer claimed that something extraterrestrial had crashed in the New Mexico desert in 1947, the UFO craze was born.

The two men went into a field with some boards, rope and a twist of wire stuck to a baseball hat brim for siting their patterns. Nobody noticed. The two had to visit the southern English countryside multiple times before their invention was noticed by the global media. The artists admitted their hoax after the story went global.

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Crop circles have become a tourist attraction since then. True believers still think aliens are responsible for some crop circles despite the fact that their cachet is no longer as strong as it used to be. The Olympics and computer chips have been advertised using crop circles.

What are crop circles?

Crop circles are large scale patterns made by flattening crops. A 2004 National Geographic documentary shows crop circle artists using boards of wood to stomp out patterns. The artists hide their tracks in existing tractor- tire ruts, which makes it seem as if the design dropped out of the sky.

Simple circles or more complex patterns can be called crop circles. There are masterpieces incorporating triangles, spinner shapes and crescents in southern England. They were called a "plague" in the state of Illinois in the 1990s. Rock Island County Sheriff Tod VanWolvelaere told the paper decades later that they thought it was just kids.

Crop circles can appear for reasons other than obvious. The crop circles that were taken from Australia in 1966 were patches of reeds floating in a lagoon. The farmer who found them claimed to have seen a flying saucer, but locals said that was not the case. The most likely explanation was downdrafts of wind, similar to dust devils.

Famous crop circles

The first report of a supposed crop circle comes from a 1678 book called

The first report of a supposed crop circle comes from a 1678 book called "The Mowing Devil." This book attributed some overnight sowing of the fields to the devil.

"The Mowing Devil" was the first report of a crop-related mystery that was linked to crop circles. The story is about a cheap farmer who refused to pay a worker to cut his oats. The devil cut them in circles. Crop circle believers used the fable to bolster their case that the oats were not flattened.

The "Julia set" was a famous crop circle. According to the Skeptical Inquirer, a local pilot claimed that he flew over the field an hour before the crop circle appeared and saw a spiral of bigger circles. The crop circle had to be of a supernatural origin, because it appeared suddenly. According to the Skeptical Inquirer, the local crop circle creator claimed to know who made the Julia set and that it had been done the night before the crop circle was seen.

Simple crop circles were spotted in a legal opium field in 2009. The opium is used in the production of drugs such as morphine. According to the Australian state's attorney general, wallabies were getting into the fields and hopping in circles after eating opium and getting high. The wallabies stomped on the flowers.

Additional resources

Humans make crop circles, but they still look amazing. The Art of the Crop Circle takes a look at the history and artistic merit of these structures. The travel spurred by crop circles is looked at in an article by National Geographic. Stunning aerial photos and context can be found on the website Temporary Temples.