The Championship side beat West Ham 10-9 on penalties in the last 16 of the cup.
The match ended in a 2-2 draw and 19 penalties were scored.
Jack Vale's calm finish gave Blackburn the lead, before Pablo Fornals tied the game.
Ben Brereton Diaz's 88th-minute tying shot took the tie to penalties, but Michail Antonio's low shot made it 2-2.
They won the League Cup in 2002 and are currently on their best run in the competition in years.
The draw for the last 16 will take place on Thursday.
Both managers decided to change their starting 11s from their previous matches because of West Ham's poor position in the league.
The visitors took a sixth-minute lead as Tayo Edun's through ball was finished by Vale, but Fornals fought back in the 38th minute after the visitors failed to deal with Antonio's cross
Antonio's low strike found the back of the net with 12 minutes to go as West Ham looked to go through to the last 16 of the competition for the first time.
BreretonDiaz blasted in a late leveller before a high quality penalty shoot out.
As the Hammers were eliminated and the only goalkeeper still to take a spot-kick, Ogbonna hit the woodwork.