The head of GCHQ has said that the Russians are losing faith in Putin.
Sir Jeremy Fleming said it was becoming clear to the Russians how badly Putin had misjudged the situation.
The Director of GCHQ will speak in London on Tuesday about the threats from Russia and China.
Russian forces are in a desperate situation as they attempt to prosecute the war in Ukraine.
Sir Jeremy will say that the Ukrainian actions on the battlefield and in cyberspace show that the tide is turning against the Russians.
The brave reality of Ukrainian defence has been hit by Putin's plan.
His decision-making has been flawed. It is a high-stakes strategy that leads to strategic errors.
Sir Jeremy will tell the Royal United Services Institute defence think tank that the intelligence agency he leads has a good idea of how poorly equipped Putin's troops are.
He will state that their gains are being reversed. In people and equipment, the costs to Russia are very high.
Russian commanders on the ground are aware that their supplies are running out.
Russia's forces are tired. The use of prisoners to reinforce the situation speaks of desperation.
He will say that the Russians have begun to understand that.
The people are seeing how badly Putin has messed up. They're leaving the draft because they can't travel anymore.
They know their access to modern technologies will be limited. They are aware of the terrible human cost of his war.
More than 61,000 Russian soldiers have died in the war, according to Ukrainian officials.
The dangers posed by the Chinese leadership will be highlighted by Sir Jeremy, who warns that Beijing is using its financial and scientific power to manipulate important technologies.
While the UK and its allies seek science and tech advancement, such as in quantum computing and artificial intelligence, to enable prosperity, the GCHQ head will say China uses such development as a tool to gain advantage through control of their markets.
He will show how fear and strength are driving China into actions that could be seen as a huge threat to us all.
He will warn of the threat and urge the science and tech community to work together.
The Chinese leadership believes in the power of the closed one-party system. They want to secure their advantage by controlling it.
They see nations as either potential adversaries or potential clients.
The party bet their future on shutting off the many alternative futures for the Chinese people. Future success will be inevitable based on this system.
A sense of fear underlies that belief. The whole open, democratic order and the international rules-based system are fear of its own citizens.
While the Chinese nation has worked to build its advanced economy, the Party has used its resources to implement repressive national security laws and use military might.
Fear is playing out through the manipulation of the technological ecosystems which underpin our everyday lives, from monitoring our own citizens and limiting free speech to influencing financial systems and new domains.
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