A pair of galaxies are observed by a pair of telescopes. The answer, according to researchers using the Hubble and James Webb Space Telescopes, is to find even more amazing details.

astronomer William Keel from the galaxy zoo said thatGalaxies were in the foreground, background, deep background and into the depths.

"We got more than we bargained for when we combined the data from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope and NASA's Hubble Space Telescope," said Windhorst. Windhorst looked at the galaxy pair in near-IR and combined it with Hubble observations.

The ability to use the new telescope in conjunction with Hubble was one of the big expectations. I was told years ago by an astronomer at the Space Telescope Science Institute that the telescopes would be more powerful if they were operating together.

Astronomers were able to find other previously unseen background galaxies and even a hidden gravitational lens thanks to the twin observations.

Keel said that the data came from 30 minutes worth of data using the field of view of the NIR cam. There are many more like these out there.

Dusty Questions

Dust plays a major role in the evolution of the universe and is an essential ingredient for new stars and planets. At various stages of their evolution, snapshots of the contents, conditions and processes of the universe can be provided by analyzing intergalactic and Cosmic Dust.

One of the main uses of the new telescope is to learn more about the properties of dust in other galaxies, as well as our own, since it is possible to peer inside the dust to determine its properties.

Galaxy pair VV 191 with near-infrared observations from Webb, and ultraviolet and visible light from Hubble. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, Rogier Windhorst (ASU), William Keel (University of Alabama), Stuart Wyithe (University of Melbourne), JWST PEARLS Team, Alyssa Pagan (STScI).

The early observation of VV 191 was based on the fact that there are rare glimpse and unique ways to study the dust of the stars. The volunteers from the citizen scientist/community scientist project were asked to contribute to a catalog of nearly 2,000 suitable galaxy pairs. The first time a Zoo volunteer noticed it was in 2007).

Keel wrote that silhouetted or overlap galaxy systems can highlight the effects of dust in the foreground galaxy on passing light, and offer ways to study the dust which are 888-609- 888-609- 888-609- 888-609- 888-609-

While the visible-light measurements from Hubble show us where the dust is, no matter how cold it might be, the researchers were able to identify how the dust is affecting the environment.

They were able to trace the light that was emitted by the bright white elliptical galaxy, which is the one on the left, which is backlit by the spiral galaxy at right.

It's important to understand where the dust is in the universe because it can affect the appearance of the images. Dust grains are a part of the process of forming new stars and planets.

It used to be thought that the two galaxies were colliding. There is a lot of distance between them and they are not interacting. The arms on the spiral galaxy at right look like they are touching the white elliptical at left. There is a noticeable distance between them if you can look at an angle.

But wait, there’s more!

Above the white elliptical galaxy at left, a faint red arc appears in the inset at 10 o’clock. This is a very distant galaxy whose appearance is warped. Its light is bent by the gravity of the elliptical foreground galaxy. Plus, its appearance is duplicated. The stretched red arc is warped where it reappears – as a dot – at 4 o’clock. CREDIT: NASA, ESA, CSA, Rogier Windhorst (ASU), William Keel (University of Alabama), Stuart Wyithe (University of Melbourne), JWST PEARLS Team 

Other things came up in the new observations. Twice, a previously unseen universe appeared. Look at the elliptical again. There is a red arcs in the picture. Light from a distant galaxy is magnified by the gravity of the foreground elliptical galaxy, duplicating its image. At 4 o'clock, the red arcs reappear as a dot.

The images of the lensed galaxy are so faint and red that they were not noticed by Hubble. Simulations like this help us figure out how much mass is in individual stars and how much dark matter is in the core of the universe.

Every JWST image is similar to a Hubble Deep Field image. The array of distant galaxies can be seen by zooming in. There are two patchy spirals to the upper left of the elliptical galaxy that are very different in appearance. One is very dusty and the other very far away, but researchers need to obtain data to determine which is which

The annotated image files can be downloaded here.

All this came from a short observation from the JWST.

Keel said, "We got what we came for, and the Universe gave us interesting bonuses."

Further reading and related science papers: