The researchers from RIKEN in Japan achieved a major step towards large-scale quantum computing by demonstrating error correction in a three-qubit Silicon-based quantum computing system. This work could lead to the achievement of quantum computers.
The promise of quantum computers is that they will be able to solve intractable problems using conventional computers. They use superimposition states found in quantum physics instead of the simple 1 or 0 bits found in conventional computers. They are very sensitive to environmental noise and other issues because they are designed in a completely different way.
Today's challenge is choosing what systems can best act as qubits. Candidates have their own strengths and weaknesses. Superconducting circuits and ion systems have the advantage of being able to be put into use on a small scale, thanks to the fact that error correction has been demonstrated. Silicon-based quantum technology, which has only begun to be developed over the past decade, is known to have an advantage in that it utilizes a Semiconductor Substrate similar to what is commonly used to integrate billions of transistors in a small chip, and thus could take advantage of current production technology
There is a lack of technology for error connection in the Silicon-based technology. Control of two qubits isn't enough for error correction, so a three-qubit system is required.
Researchers at the RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science and the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing demonstrated full control of a three-qubit system, which is one of the largest qubit systems in Silicon. The three-qubit Toffoli-type quantum gate was used to achieve this.
The idea of implementing a quantum error -correcting code in quantum dots was proposed about a decade ago, but a series of improvements in materials, device fabrication, and measurement techniques allowed it to be done. We are very pleased to have accomplished this.
The leader of the research group said their next step would be to scale up the system. Scaling up is the next step. It would be great to work with groups that can make large quantities of quantum devices.
More information: Kenta Takeda, Quantum error correction with silicon spin qubits, Nature (2022). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04986-6. www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04986-6 Journal information: Nature
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