New research suggests that trons have morecharm than we thought.
The nucleus of an atom is made up of a single particle, a protons. As small as protons, they are composed of even tinier elementary particles known as quarks, which come in a variety of flavors. A protons is usually made of two up quarks and one down quark
A new study says it's more complex than that. The charm quark is 1.5 times the mass of the protons and can be found in the nucleus. When the charm quark is present, the heavy particle carries less than half the mass of the protons.
The finding is dependent on the world of quantum physicists. The high mass and small chance of a charm quark in a protons is small, so the high mass and small chance cancels each other out. The charm quark doesn't get taken up by the protons even if it is there.
protons are fundamental to the structure of atoms, but they are also very complex. Physicists don't know how protons work. According to a physicist at the University of Milan, other quarks could pop into protons in the future. The paper showing evidence for the charm quark in protons was co-authored by Forte.
The types of quarks are listed. Some are heavier than others. The charm quark is the lightest of the heavy batches, so researchers wanted to find out if a quark heavier than itself could be contained in a protons. 35 years of particle-smashing data was taken into account.
Physicists are interested in the quirks of the heftiest quarks.
Particles are thrown against each other at high speeds at a particle collider in order to learn more about particle structure. Some examples of experiments in which particles were smashed into protons are included in the data gathered by scientists. The original state of the particles can be reconstructed by looking at the debris.
In the new study, the scientists gave the data to a machine-learning program to look for patterns without preconceptions of how the structures might look. Possible structures were returned and the likelihood was that they existed.
There was a small chance of finding a charm quark. The first solid evidence that the charm quark can be found is the results of the experiment.
To find new elementary particles, physicists will have to uncover minuscule differences in theories and what is actually observed. This requires a lot of precise measurement of structures.
Physicists need more data on the "charm" of a protons. Tim Hobbs, a theoretical physicist at Fermilab, told Science News that future experiments like the electron-Ion collider may help.
It was originally published on Live Science
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