The cruise and short-range missiles are among the most important weapons in the arsenal of Russia.
It is possible for Russia to strike military infrastructure in western Ukraine, where Western weapons and equipment are being delivered.
Thousands of missiles have been launched by Russia. Moscow has missiles that are capable of precision strikes, but it also has older Soviet-era weapons in its inventory.
The 3M-14 Kalibr cruise missile is one of the most well-known missiles used in Ukraine.
The Kalibr family of missiles can be launched from ships, subs, and aircraft.
Kalibrs have a range of up to 1,500 miles. They can carry a high-explosive warhead, which is similar to the US-made Tomahawk cruise missile.
In 1994 the Kalibr was added to the Russian missile arsenal. Russian warships in the Caspian Sea fired Kalibrs at targets in Syria.
The P-800 Oniks has been used by the Russian Navy. It has a top speed of Mach 2 and a range of over 200 miles. Depending on the mission, its warheads range from 400 to 600 pounds.
The Oniks missiles are mostly launched from ships. The Russian Navy was the first in the world to use the Bastion mobile coastal defense missile system.
NATO commanders are worried about the Kalibr missile. It is estimated that the missile's error probability is less than 20 feet. It is thought to be less than 5 feet.
The Tochka-U and Iskander-M missiles were used in the war. They are known to NATO as the "ss-21 scarab" and the "ss-26 stone".
The Tochka-U was an improvement on the Tochka missile. The Tochka-U can carry a high-explosive warhead, a fragment warhead, or a 100 kiloton nuclear warhead.
It takes 16 minutes to prepare for a launch. It can be loaded with more than one missile. Nuclear, biological, and chemical filters are included in the TEL's equipment.
The Iskander-M is a replacement for the Tochka-U and can carry up to 1,540 pounds of high-explosive weapons. It can carry a variety of weapons, including thermobaric, nuclear, and earth-penetrating weapons.
The Iskander-Ms are capable of carrying two missiles. The TEL is impervious to nuclear, biological, and chemical attacks.
Iskander-M has a CEP of 6 feet to 16 feet and the Tochka-U has a circular error probability of 300 feet.
Russia has fired missiles at Ukrainian targets despite not having control of the air over the country. The Kh-101 cruise missile and Kh-47M2 Kinzhal hypersonic missile are new missiles that the Russians want to boast about.
The Kh 101 has a range of 1,500 to 1,700 miles. It can be equipped with either a high-explosive warhead or a nuclear warhead. It is possible to perform strikes with a CEP as small as 20 feet.
One of Russia's newest and most advanced weapons is the Kinzhal.
The Kinzhal has a range between 1,000 miles and 1,200 miles and can carry a warhead of more than 1,000 lbs. Unlike other hypersonic missiles, it can maneuver in flight and make it virtually impossible to intercept.
The Kinzhal became the first hypersonic weapon to be used in combat on March 18 when Russian aircraft launched several of them at an underground depot in westernUkraine. According to reports, three more Kinzhals were used in the strike on May 9.
The Kh-22 anti-ship missile and the Kh-55 cruise missile were introduced in 1968 and 1984 respectively.
The Kh-22 has a range of over 400 miles and a 2,000-pound warhead, while the Kh-55 has a range of over 1,500 miles. The Kh-22's CEP is more than 300 feet and the Kh-55's is less than 80 feet. The Kh-22 has been updated to the Kh-32.
Russian missile strikes have had a huge impact on the war effort. Videos of Kalibrs being launched from Russian surface ships and submarines and of Kalibrs flying overUkraine and hitting targets have emerged throughout the conflict.
Russian missiles have hit military bases and airfields in other countries, while Tu-22M, Tu-95, and Tu-160 bombers have flown over the Black Sea to avoid Ukrainian air defenses.
The Ukrainian Air Force can't operate from airfields because of the strikes. The recruits are training as far away from Britain as possible.
A Tochka-U strike on a railway station in Kramatorsk on April 8 killed 59 people, including seven children, and a Kh-22 strike on a shopping mall in Kremenchuck on June 27 killed 20 people. Russian denials have been found to be false.
Russia's use of less sophisticated missiles like the Kh-22 and Tochka-U, and the use of anti-ship missiles like the Kh-22 and P-800 against Ukrainian ground targets may indicate that Moscow is not able to replenish its stock of more modern precision weapons.
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