The world's richest man had asked for a delay in the trial, but a US judge ordered it to happen.
The company filed a lawsuit against Mr Musk after he walked away from the deal.
The court should order Mr Musk to complete the takeover at the agreed price, according to the company.
The billionaire accused the social media company of not giving him information about fake accounts.
His legal team wants the trial to be held early next year due to the complexity of the case, but that's not the case.
A judge in Delaware agreed with the company and said a delay in the trial would cause a cloud of uncertainty.
The Chancellor said that delay threatens irreparable harm. The longer the delay, the riskier it is.
The lawsuit said that Mr Musk had "cast a pall" over the company and accused him of a long list of violations.
The ongoing uncertainty about whether the takeover would go forward or not was the subject of the hearing.
Musk is obligated to use his best efforts to close the deal. The opposite is what he is doing. It's a crime.
Andrew Rossman is a lawyer for Mr Musk. The case should go to trial next year in order to give both sides time to prepare, according to him.
The company's share prices have fallen since Mr Musk questioned the number of fake and fraudulent accounts on the platform.
The company hopes to close the merger at a price of 54.20 per share.
If the company were under Mr Musk's control, he would ease restrictions on content.
He wants the company to be more open about how it presents its services to users and how it promotes its services to larger audiences.