It will be the deepest and highest resolution image of the universe ever captured when President Joe Biden shows it off today.
The "Webb's First Deep Field" will give a view of the universe up to 13 billion years old. The President will unveil the image at 5:00 p.m. today. The images taken by the telescope will be made public at 10:30 a.m. on Tuesday. The sun rises at 1430GMT.
The $10 billion space observatory is 100 times more powerful than the Hubble Space Telescope and was launched in December of 2011. It is the most advanced space telescope ever built, with the ability to peek inside the atmospheres of far-away exoplanets and read the earliest chapter of the universe's history. After six months of setup and calibration, the telescope's instruments and mirror are ready for use, but it was briefly interrupted after it was hit by a micrometeoroid.
Ahead of debut science images, the telescope reaches "perfect" alignment.
A small group of scientists were given a sneak peek at the first set of images, and they said they were blown away.
NASA's deputy administrator, Pam Melroy, said in a June 29 press conference that what she saw moved her.
The images from the successor to the Hubble Space Telescope will show viewers a tour of the stars but also introduce them to a distant gas planet.
The five targets of the images contained in tomorrow's release have been carefully selected to highlight the diverse capabilities of the new telescope.
President Biden will unveil an image of a huge foreground cluster of galaxies that warps space-time and the path that light travels through it. The warping effect means that the foreground of the universe acts as a magnifying lens for light that is more distant. Scientists hope to learn more about the beginning of the universe by studying the light that left its source after the universe formed. The hunt for this light inspired the design of the telescope.
According to the NASA tease, there will be a quintet of five galaxies of which four are locked in a Cosmic Dance of Repeated Close encounters. Some important insights into how gravity behaves at very large scales could be given by studying Stephan's Quintet. Dark matter is thought to be the glue that makes up most of the universe's mass.
The telescope goes into space.
One of the most active star-forming regions ever discovered is the Carina Nebula, a cloud of dust and gas that is 7,600 light-years away from Earth. It is home to many stars that are larger than our sun, and one of them, Eta Carinae, underwent an explosion in 1836. The Homunculus Nebula was formed when the star became the second-brightest object in the sky. Scientists may be able to give some important insights into the beginnings of our solar system by studying this region.
The fourth image will be the first full-color spectrum image of WASP-96b, a giant, mostly gaseous exoplanet that is half the mass of Jupiter. The WASP-96b is so close to the sun that it takes just 3.4 Earth days for it to travel around the globe.
The exoplanet is extremely hot and unlikely to harbor life, but scientists hope to use it as a testing bed for the telescope's life- finding capabilities.
The transit technique can be used to detect the atmospheric composition of distant planets. When a planet passes in front of a star, light from the star is absorbed by the planet's atmosphere and released into the air. The presence of methane or carbon dioxide could be a sign of alien life. Unlike NASA's Hubble and Spitzer Space telescopes, the JWST can detect transit signatures across a much wider range of the light spectrum.
The Southern Ring Nebula is also known as the "Eight-Burst" for its figure eight appearance. The red dwarf star that shed gas and dust during its death throes is positioned around 2,000 light-years away from Earth. The remnants of the nebula's dust particles are rich in heavy elements such as carbon, making them a fascinating study subject for exploring the cycle of death and rebirth in the universe.
While the images are intended to showcase what the JWST can do, rather than be studied themselves, they give a first glimpse of the telescope's remarkable capabilities. After applying through a competitive process, scientists have already booked the telescope's first year of observations to study a wide range of topics.
Eric Smith, a program scientist at NASA, wrote in a post that the James Webb Space Telescope will give them a fresh and powerful set of eyes. The world is going to change soon.
You can watch the event at 5:00 p.m.
On July 12 at 10:30 a.m., the last four images will be released. You can follow it here at Live Science or on NASA's website. There will be another Q&A event on July 13 at 3 p.m. To answer questions about the new images.
It was originally published on Live Science