The alliance's close relationship with the Nordic countries was on full display in the skies over Northern Europe in June.

The British, French, German, Norwegian, and Belgian air forces took part in a drill with their Swedish, French, German, and Norwegian counterparts.

The purpose of the exercise was to show the ability to conduct complex air operations over long distances.

German Eurofighter Typhoon fighter jet KC-135 tanker
A German Eurofighter Typhoon refuels from a US KC-135 over the Baltic Sea during BaltOps 22, June 9, 2022.
US Air Force/Senior Airman Nicholas Swift

The chief of the Norwegian air force said it was the first time they had conducted such an advanced exercise with NATO and partner nations.

The militaries of 14 NATO members, including the US, joined from June 5 to June 17 Over 45 ships, more than 75 aircraft, and thousands of personnel were involved in the 51st iteration of the maritime focused exercise.

During one drill, a US Air Force KC-135 tanker refueled US, Finnish, Swedish, and German jets.

Scandinavian skies

Finland F/A-18 Sweden JAS 39 Gripen fighter jet
A Finnish F/A-18 Hornet and three Swedish JAS 39 Gripens.
Finnish Air Force

NATO's air component and deterrence in the north will be strengthened by the June exercises which demonstrated the strong relationship Finland and Sweden have with their NATO neighbors.

The fleet of 55 McDonnell Douglas F/A-18C Hornets is owned by Finland. The single-seat F/A-18C can switch between fighter and attack configurations in less than a minute. It has seen combat in North Africa, the Middle East, and the Balkans, as well as being operated by the US Navy and Marines.

The Ministry of Defense said that the Hornets will be retired by the year 2030. The first F-35 is expected to be delivered by the year 2026.

Finland F-18 F-35 fighter jet
Finland's government authorized the purchase of the F-35 to be its next multirole fighter on December 10, 2021.
Finnish Air Force

The F-35A is gaining popularity among US allies. The stealth jet can be used to enhance the effectiveness of air and ground forces.

The only fighter jet in Sweden is a domestically designed and built aircraft.

The Gripen doesn't have the stealth of an F-35, but it's a reliable and cost-effective aircraft that brings a number of important capabilities into the fight.

The gripen can be used in many different ways. Hollings said that its small size allowed it to take off and land on austere airstrips or highways while carrying air-to-air weapons.

The Swedish jet is one of the few fighters that can maintain supersonic speeds without burning fuel. It increases an aircraft's endurance at supersonic speeds by decreasing its fuel consumption.

Swedish Air Force Saab JAS 39 Gripen
A Swedish Air Force Saab JAS 39 Gripen over England, July 20, 2019.
US Air Force/Tech Sgt. Aaron Thomasson

The US-made F-22 is the only jet that can fly fast. Russia's jets don't have the ability.

The program has had controversy, Hollings said, but it was designed to be easy to fly, inexpensive to maintain, and quick to upgrade, and that makes for a handy jet to have around in a fight.

The Swedish jet has been used in exercises. The first day of a major US-led exercise in Alaska in 2016 it scored 10 kills against peer aircraft, including a 4.5-generation Eurofighter Typhoon.

70 Gripen Es, an upgrade over the -C model, will be delivered by the end of the century.

Building the best team

Air Force B-52 F-16 Eurofighter‬ ‎Typhoon fighter jet
A US ‪‎B-52‬ with two Polish ‪F-16s, two German ‪‎Eurofighter‬ ‎Typhoons, four US F-16s, and four ‪‎Swedish‬ ‎Gripens over the Baltic Sea, June 9, 2016.
US Air Force

It will be difficult to integrate two air forces with a combined fighter fleet of 126 aircraft into NATO operations.

Tactical integration is achieved through frequent joint exercises because the F/A-18C and the Gripen are both used by other NATO members.

Hollings told Insider that mixing national air forces and platforms is always a challenge. A mix of aircraft is a potent tool in a large-scale fight.

NATO will have a tactical advantage if the number of aircraft is increased.

Fighter jets tanker aircraft over Norway Arctic
Jets refuel from a German air force tanker during a Norwegian-led exercise with Finnish, French, and German aircraft, June 2, 2022.
Royal Norwegian Air Force

Hollings said that fighter pilots want to play to the strengths of their own aircraft and the weaknesses of their opponent. You really complicate the combat calculus for your opponent when you head into a fight with a variety of fighters at your disposal.

NATO leaders are eager to have Finn and Swedish forces in the alliance despite the fact that they won't have the advanced jets.

The Finns and Swedes will bring "quite a bit of capability and capacity to the alliance from Day One," Gen. Christopher Cavoli said during his nomination hearing in May.

From a military perspective, I look forward to the accession of the two Nordic countries.

He works on security in Europe. He received a master's degree in European affairs from the school. You can get in touch with him on the professional networking site.