The Michigan Supreme Court denied Larry Nassar's final appeal on Friday.
Nassar's attorneys said he deserved a new hearing because a judge called him a "monster" who would "wither" in prison.
The judge signed the death warrant for Nassar.
The Supreme Court said it had concerns over the judge's conduct and that the appeal was a close question. The court noted that Aquilina stuck to the sentencing agreement worked out by the lawyers.
In a two-page order, the court said they wouldn't spend additional judicial resources and wouldn't further traumatize the victims.
More than 150 people spoke or submitted statements during a seven day hearing in Aquilina's court.
Nassar was sentenced to 40 years in prison for sexually abusing gymnasts and other athletes with his hands. He worked at both Michigan State University and USA Gymnastics and traveled the world with the elite of the sport.
The judge said that the constitution doesn't allow cruel and unusual punishment. I might allow what he did to these young women to happen if it did. I would allow anyone to do what he did to others.
Nassar was sentenced to 40 years in a neighboring county.
He is currently serving a federal prison sentence for child pornography crimes that happened out of the same investigation. The sentence means Nassar will spend the rest of his life in prison.
There are consequences from the case. More than 100 women, including Olympic gold medal winner Simone Biles, are seeking more than $1 billion from the federal government for the FBI's failure to stop Nassar. Michigan State University police arrested him more than a year after he was first taken into custody.
Michigan State agreed to pay $500 million to hundreds of women and girls who were sexually abused by Nassar. USA Gymnastics and the U.S. Olympic and Paralympian Committee reached a settlement.