The business reporter is from Norway.

Norse planes at Oslo AirportImage source, Norse
Image caption, New Norwegian airline Norse Atlantic Airways takes to the skies on 14 June

The most turbulent period in commercial aviation history was caused by the Pandemic.

Over the past year, dozens of new carriers have started up around the world, hoping that air travel will return.

Bjorn Tore Larsen, chief executive of Norse Atlantic Airways, says that it is a good time to start an airline. People haven't been able to travel for two years or more.

From 14 June, Norse Atlantic Airways will begin flying its longboats between Europe and North America, having snapped up planes for low prices, and being able to secure valuable airport slots including London Gatwick and New York JFK.

More than 3000 people applied for the first 50 pilot jobs.

Bjorn Tore Larsen
Image caption, Bjorn Tore Larsen is confident that demand for air travel is now growing strongly

The fleet of Boeing Dreamliners on the tarmac at Oslo Airport are brand new, according to Mr Larsen.

British Airways and Air France are some of the established players. There are benefits to building an airline from scratch.

He says that the airline does not have any legacy systems.

The high risks associated with aviation, such as strong competition, hard to recruit staff, and difficult to get landing and take-offs, made it hard for the entrepreneurial to consider aviation earlier.

He says that when the stars aligned last year, he viewed it as a once-in-a-lifetime market opportunity. There is more than one person who sees a golden opportunity.

Three members of staff in an otherwise empty airport terminalImage source, Getty Images
Image caption, The lockdowns meant that airports around the world were near deserted

The worst year on record has been described by the International Air Transport Association.

Two years ago, global passenger numbers fell by more than half, from 4.5 billion to 1.8 billion.

55 airlines went out of business in 2020. At the same time, 32 new airlines were launched, the IATA has told the BBC.

The new carriers were able to buy cheap aircraft due to the decline in demand and the fact that prices had fallen. The slots for arrival and departure were suddenly available.

It was the same picture in 2021. While the world's passenger numbers recovered slightly to 2.3 billion, a further 35 airlines closed down and 57 new ones were launched.

The number of airlines that failed or started up in 2020
Image caption, It is understandable that the world lost 55 airlines in 2020, but it is a surprise that 32 new ones started up

In most regions of the world, debutants have taken off. Avelo, Breeze, and Northern Pacific will join forces in the US later this year.

Australian newcomer Bonza and India's Akasa are expected in the skies soon, as we now have Play and Niceair.

An aviation expert says that airlines have never experienced a situation like the last two years.

There has been a situation where a huge number of aircraft are available, and leasing rates are very attractive.

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Many of the cabin crew and pilots who lost their jobs during the Pandemic were able to find new jobs with new airlines.

He thinks that the window for securing cheap financing has closed. Those days are over.

Low-cost flights will be operated by both Norse and Play.

Other new entrants have failed in this area. Norwegian Airlines axed long-haul routes in early 2021.

Mr Elnaes thinks that the current is different and that valuable lessons have been learned.

Both are being very careful not to be too ambitious, not to operate too many flights, before they have established themselves and see how things work.

Flyr launched domestic and European flights last summer. Being small and lean helped it weather the later lockdowns.

Staff from Norwegian carrier FlyrImage source, Flyr
Image caption, Norwegian carrier Flyr started services last year

We had to prove our model. She says that they passed the test during the winter.

Setting up a company is a challenge. It is an extreme challenge to create a new airline. We did it mainly on teams.

The availability of experienced aviation staff looking for work was a big bonus.

It is not easy to get a hold of in a normal environment. That possibility was opened by the Pandemic situation.

Flyr will operate 12 aircraft over 46 routes.

Tonje Wikstrom FrislidImage source, Flyr
Image caption, Tonje Wikstrom Frislid says her airline Flyr was helped by the availability of trained pilots and stewards

Peter Haglehoj is a pilot for a new airline. It means more jobs.

Global passenger numbers are rising strongly as travel restrictions for coronaviruses are being lifted around the world. The latest figures from the IATA show that in March they were 76% higher than last year. The organisation doesn't expect the pre-pandemic high to be equalled until 2024.

The war in Ukraine has arisen as a problem for airlines, just as the coronaviruses crisis has waned.

At the same time as Russia has closed its airspace to Western airlines, Ukraine is too dangerous to fly over. Routes between Europe and Asia have been made unprofitable because of this.

The cost of jet fuel has doubled since last year, as global oil prices have soared. Willie Walsh, the director-general of IATA suggested that higher fares are inevitable.

Mr Elnaes says that people are willing to pay more for travel.

Flyr's Ms Frislid says her airline is using brand new aircraft which saves them more fuel than older planes. That is one way of dealing with the increasing fuel prices.

Norse decided to go for a softer launch with fewer aircraft.

We have the flexibility to enter the market cautiously and in line with demand, which is exactly what we will do, says its chief executive.