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The sports betting evolution in America began when the United States Supreme Court ruled in favor of sports betting.

In four years, legal sportsbooks now operate in 30 states and the District of Columbia. Some stadiums have sportsbooks. Once-stingy bookmakers are handing out sign-up bonuses worth thousands of dollars, as they fight for a share of what is expected to be the largest sports wagering market in the nation.

In the first quarter of 2022, a record $26.3 billion was bet with U.S. sportsbooks. There is an underlying concern about what the U.S. betting market has become. Bookmakers fear that the large, complex betting menu with modern offerings could leave them vulnerable to a potential apocalypse.

I think there is a black swan event, where everything clicks, and it could be for smaller operators, according to the general manager of FanDuel.

On January 9, 2022, it almost did.

A wild night in American sports betting

The night of Jan. 9, 2022, will be remembered as one of the craziest nights in American gambling history, as well as a warning of what sports betting has evolved into.

It was Week 18 of the football season. The final game of the day between the Raiders and Bolts was the biggest decision of the season for sportsbooks. After the football game ended, the bookmaker were forced to fight off another threat from bettors who were reacting to the news in the NBA.

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A call to action was posted by an ex-radio DJ in Indianapolis on January 9 in a private online sports betting community.

Just minutes were left for bets to be made. They want to bet as much as possible on Draymond Green to score points, rebound and assist before the Warriors and Cleveland game starts.

At 8:31 p.m., the Warriors PR team said that Green would be on the court for the opening tip to honor Klay Thompson, but would not play the rest of the game due to left calf tightness. Shams Charania amplified the news to his million-plus followers at 8:32. The news traveled quickly in the betting community on popular online forums. The effects were felt all the way in Australia.

It speaks to how quickly information travels.

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sportsbooks stopped betting on all Green prop bets after seeing the initial tweets. It would cost the sportsbook more than a million dollars in a matter of minutes.

Bettors did more than just make basic bets to win a few bucks on Green's statistics. They went after the sportsbooks. You are allowed to pick almost any number you want to bet on at any given time. The savviest bettors adjusted the numbers on Green's points, assists, and rebound to as low as was offered, giving them the longest odds. They changed the three-leg bet to an enhanced bet paying 20-1 and made it a ho-hum three-leg bet.

Dozens of same-game parlays on Green were placed at DraftKings. In the final five minutes before tipoff, most were submitted. Time.

Beau Wagner, a 41-year-old real estate attorney and co-founder of the subscription-based Marcus and Beau group, said there had to be $3 million out there.

Marcus Phelps, the retired DJ from Indianapolis, started the action on Green with his post in their private group on Telegram. From the start of football season until the end of the NBA season, members pay a flat fee for access. Marcus and Beau had more than 1,000 members on January 9, but they think their tips are relayed to five times as many people.

Green was on the court for the tipoff to honor Thompson, who had not played since suffering an injury in the NBA Finals. Green left the game after seven seconds. His stat line was 0 points, 0 rebound, 0 assists. The under bets were winners.

Draymond Green, Stephen Curry and Klay Thompson look on before the game against the Cleveland Cavaliers on Jan. 9, 2022. Jed Jacobsohn/NBAE via Getty Images

About 50 betting slips featuring Green unders were reviewed. The largest bet was $100,000. An Illinois bettor who caught wind of the news on Marcus & Beau VIP bet $20,000 on a series of Green unders and won $270,000 on DraftKings.

Several books, including FanDuel, Caesars, BetMGM and PointsBet, paid out quickly, but DraftKings, which seemingly took by far the largest hit, held off and launched an investigation into whether the news of Green's playing time was reported.

After the game, DraftKings paid out bets on the Green unders as winners and gave site credit to those who bet the overs. There would be a price to pay for some of the winners.

Bettors who won big on Green unders say their betting limits were slashed later in the week. The team at DraftKings changed the account's limits to correspond to ongoing risk exposure when they reached out to them. This is a common practice throughout the industry according to the online chats provided to ESPN. The 130K consolation prize doesn't suck so it's not all bad.

In a statement, DraftKings said it conducted a review of regulations due to the unique circumstances surrounding the Green event before moving forward with payouts. When asked if Green props bettors had their accounts restricted, DraftKings declined comment.

Hundreds of people got limited, and that was a crazy time.

January 9 was almost as crazy.

'We would've felt it'

There was a chance that the Raiders and the Bolts would make the playoffs with a tie. The Colts needed to upset the Jags, while the Ravens needed to beat the Steelers.

Staff meetings at the sportsbooks flagged the potential for unusual liability after the Raiders-Chargers tie. It was not taken seriously at first. Since the league implemented overtime in 1974, 27 regular-season games have ended in a tie. The Colts were 14-point favorites to beat the Jags. A win by Indianapolis could lead to a playoff spot. If the Jags lose the No. 1 pick in the draft, it will be a loss. Only one team in the Super Bowl era has ever lost as a 14-point favorite with a chance to make the playoffs. Despite terrible odds being offered by sportsbooks, the public was sold and looked to bet on the Jaguars to win.

Money-line odds on a 14-point favorite winning straight up in the NFL are around 6-1. The odds of a game ending in a tie can be as high as 150-1. It would pay 1,000-1 to lay down the two. The most popular bet on the board at PointsBet was a two-teamer on the moneyline and a tie between the Raiders and the Bolts.

Jay Croucher, head of trading for PointsBet, said it was an interesting thought exercise. It became a balancing act.

The Colts lost to the Jags 26-11.

The bed was the first domino to fall and set everything up.

The bookmakers would become queasy after the Ravens were beaten by the Steelers in overtime. If the two teams ended in a tie, it would be a historic loss for the sportsbooks.

The stress increased as the Chargers used a 19-play drive, featuring multiple do-or-die fourth downs, to tie the score in the final seconds and force overtime. The C-suite executives sent text messages to Corcoran asking about the ramifications of a tie while he was in bed watching the game.

It was in the 10s of millions that we would have had to pay out Monday morning. It was early in the month of January and not a great way to start the year. The budget you just signed up for might be in trouble.

The sweat continued as the Raiders faced a situation in overtime where playing for a tie was not a viable option. Las Vegas was at the 39-yard line with the score tied at 32 in the final minute of overtime. The Raiders could have taken a knee and let the clock run out to assure both teams a spot in the playoffs. The Raiders had a decision to make after the Bolts head coach called timeout with 38 seconds left. Las Vegas would be out of the playoffs if they attempted a long field goal that was blocked and returned for a score. If the game ends in a tie, the Raiders will play the Kansas City Chiefs in the first round of the playoffs, while a win will send them to Cincinnati.

Derek Carr calls a timeout during overtime against the Los Angeles Chargers at Allegiant Stadium on Jan. 09, 2022 Chris Unger/Getty Images

The Raiders ran one more play, a 10-yard run by Josh Jacobs, called a timeout, and sent kicker Daniel Carlson to attempt a field goal. The game-winning field goal was made by Carlson as time expired, allowing sportsbooks to avoid what would have been the most expensive tie in football history.

It would have been one of our biggest payouts. It would have been a blow to the industry.

The sportsbooks would have survived even if the two teams had tied. They might not be as lucky in a future that looks a lot like a powder keg.

The danger and dark art of same-game parlays

Pat McAfee, the ex-NFL punter who now works for FanDuel, regularly gives out betting picks, including on the increasingly popular same-game parlays. According to FanDuel, it has received over 100,000 bets on SGP. It would be costly if one ever hits.

Multi-leg bets are made on events from a single contest. They have a comfortable margin in favor of the sportsbooks, but still can be dangerous for the bookmaker.

Industry experts believe that SGPs could be the next big thing in the sportsbook industry. Scott Ferguson is a veteran of the betting industry in the United Kingdom.

Ferguson said that nobody really knows the true price and the sharps can't directly bet the other way to hammer out a true price. Is there a scenario where hundreds of players all bet the same thing? Maybe some influencer made a bet that his/her huge following would get on the bandwagon.

The latest generation of bettors congregate online, using platforms like Discord and Telegram to share information and tips before firing an instantaneous flurry of bets on the books. The most vicious of the new breed is known as glitch hunters. They have the ability to do catastrophic damage when they all get on the same page.

The betting groups that focus on finding errors in odds and promotions in sportsbook menus are more dangerous than the ones that focus on celebrity influence, according to Corcoran.

There is nothing we can do about that, and it is going to happen.

Same-game parlays have become a weapon of choice for cunning bettors when trying to take advantage of errors and correlated events. The final score ending in an even number was one of the multi-leg parlays built by some bettors. Others bought into a conspiracy theory that both teams would exchange kneel-down during the game.

It was difficult for books to know how much they were going to lose on the tie because of the variety of bets being made. The lack of visibility increases the risk of SGPs. By the time the game starts, it may be too late to mitigate the risk.

Johnny Avello, a veteran Las Vegas bookmaker now with DraftKings, said that same-game parlays are hard to calculate. I wouldn't stop people from betting on it, but it is something to keep an eye on.

A future doomsday

Looking back at the Jan. 9 sweat five months later, bookmakers say they wouldn't have done anything differently in regards to managing the liability. They moved the odds on a tie significantly, but it didn't deter the public from betting.

WynnBET did not escape unscathed. A customer in New Jersey placed a $1,000 bet at 100-1 on the Raiders and Bolts being tied at the end of regulation. A $100,000 bet was placed. If the game ended in a tie after overtime, it would have been worse.

Pearson said that the liability accrued on a tie was ridiculous.

It is certain that the betting public will follow another black swan event with long odds in the future. Bettors like to get involved in long-shot storylines where they only have to risk a little to win a lot.

Pearson said he couldn't tell the future about how the market could destroy a sportsbook.