In the first two years of the Pandemic, more than 13 million people died as a direct or indirect result of Covid-19, according to new estimates from the World Health Organization.

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The total number of excess deaths caused by Covid-19 is a metric that captures the difference between how many deaths are observed and how many would have been expected if the Pandemic had not occurred.

The WHO estimates both deaths directly from Covid as well as indirect deaths from health conditions people were unable to prevent or treat because of overburdened healthcare systems.

Middle-income countries accounted for 81% of the deaths, with lower-middle-income countries accounting for 53% and upper-middle-income countries accounting for 28%.

The director-general of the WHO said in a statement that the data pointed to the impact of the epidemic and the need for countries to invest more.

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About 5 million. The number of official Covid-19 deaths reported to the WHO during the period of January 2020 to January 2022, was roughly 9 million less than the new WHO excess death estimates.

We may under invest when we underestimate. When we undercount, we may miss targeting the interventions where they are needed most, and this also deepens inequalities, according to the WHO assistant director-general.

The full death toll for Covid-19 is three times higher than reported.